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Combating Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Maritime Navigation Under the Sua Convention
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Prior to the Achille Lauro incident, there was a lack of a compressive legal framework for taking appropriate action against unlawful acts endangering the safety of maritime navigation at both the international and regional levels. Thus, the incident was not an attack, which falls within the ambit of the definition of piracy under the United Nation

Image Skin Segmentation Based on multi-Agent Learning Bayesian and Neural Network
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Skin colour is considered to be a useful and discriminating spatial feature for many skin detectionrelated applications, but it is not sufﬁciently robust to address complex image environments because of light-changing conditions, skin-like colours and reﬂective glass or water. These factors can create major difﬁculties in face pixel-based ski

The Concept of Fatwa (Islamic Verdict) in Malaysia and the Constitutional Dilemma: a Legislation or Legal Opinion?
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

In Malaysia, fatwa has been considered as a religious verdict that assists in regulating Muslim’s conduct of activities in the country. The Federal constitution of Malaysia has vested the responsibility for enacting laws in the hands of the Parliament at the Federal level and in the state Assemblies at the state level. On the other lane, the Admi

Biodegradable Poly(D,l-Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid)-based Micro/nanoparticles for Sustained Release of Protein Drugs - a Review
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Biodegradable poly(D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and PLGA-based polymeric nanoparticles are widely used for sustained release of protein and peptide drugs. These formulations are usually prepared by water/oil/water (W/O/W) and solid/oil/water (S/O/W) double emulsion solvent evaporation method. Other methods of preparation are nanoprecipitation,

Independent non-Executive Directors Strategic Role - Some Evidence from Malaysia
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Purpose – The overall purpose of the research presented is to ascertain whether independent non-executive directors (INEDs) in Malaysian publicly listed companies (PLCs) are involved in corporate strategy. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach, consisting of a series of interviews with board members, was chosen. The sampling fram

The Concept of Right (Haqq) in Contemporary Islamic Jurisprudence: the Dubious Form and the Vacuous Substance
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Abstract The subject of concern to this paper is the concept of right (haqq) in contemporary Islamic jurisprudence. As to this subject, the paper asserts that it is dubious in form and vacuous in substance. This assertion is not meant to assert that the concept concerned in classical Islamic jurisprudence is not characterized by these characters. T

Management Dimension for Assessing Organizations' Readiness Toward Business Intelligence Systems
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The improvements and capabilities of Business Intelligence (BI) systems are making them highly required by organizations in many of the fields. Day by day, the demand is increasing on these systems. Figures show that billions of US dollars are spent annually on BI systems. However, half of these BI projects are ending with unrealized benefit, accor

Legal and Policy Framework for ecosystem-Based Adaptation to Climate Change in Malaysia: a Reform Oriented Study
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Rise of average global temperature and its global disastrous impacts, due to unusual weather conditions, are escalating despite greenhouse gases (GHGs) reduction commitments under the Kyoto Protocol, as the mitigation mechanisms alone cannot do away with the sufferance of the people on long-term basis. It has to be combined with adaptation (Klein,

Passive Drag Reduction of Square Back Road Vehicles
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Bluff body vehicles such as trucks and buses do not have a streamlined shapes and hence have high drag which can be reduced to make great savings in operational cost. While rectangular flaps have been widely studied as both passive add-ons and in active drag reducing systems for bluff bodies, changing the basic geometry of the flap has not been exp

Creativity in the Cottage Craft Industry: the Case of the Ugandan Nubian Community
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The history of the Nubian community in Uganda is traced from the Ottoman rule over Egypt and Sudan in 1820. This predominant Muslim community was brought to Uganda and later became part of the British Army. Due to colonial Christianization of the education system in Uganda, the Nubians were forced out of public life. They had to sustain their livel

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KCDIOM

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KCDIOM

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