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Preventing Persistent cross-Site Scripting (Xss) Attack by Applying Pattern Filtering Approach
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability is one of the most widespread security problems for web applications, which has been haunting the web application developers for years. Various approaches to defend against attacks (that use XSS vulnerabilities) are available today but no single approach solves all the loopholes. After investigating this are

Green Approaches and Barriers of Green Hotels and Resorts in Peninsular Malaysia
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Tourism is one of the biggest industries in the world. It is growing faster than other notable industries in the world such as manufacturing, retail and financial industry. Tourism industry provides direct contribution to the world economy. Even though this industry does not directly pollute the environment, its cumulative negative impacts on the e

Trade Openness, Real Exchange Rate, Gross Domestic Investment and Growth in Indonesia
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

This study examines the relationships among economic growth, domestic investment, real exchange rate and trade openness in Indonesia using the Johansen cointegration test and Granger causality test. The results suggest that there exists a long-run relationship among the variables. All the estimated coefficients of the long-run equation have the cor

Foreign Direct Investment, Exports, Education, and Growth in Malaysia
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Although it has been recognised that foreign direct investment (FDI), exports, and education are important ingredients in economic development, not much research has been carried out in developing countries to determine the effects of these three variables, taken together, on economic growth. Most of these studies focus on the effects of exports on

Barriers of Malaysian Green Hotels and Resorts
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Recently there has been a tremendous effort in greening the tourism industry due to its negative environmental impacts. The efforts of greening the lodging industry in Malaysia is growing slowly due to several barriers. The aim of this study is to determine the barriers of green hotels and resorts in Malaysia. This study employed qualitative method

Evaluation of the Retinal Hemodynamics in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Differing Nocturnal Blood Pressure Profiles
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Purpose: To evaluate the retinal hemodynamic response to normoxic hypercapnia among patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and differing nocturnal blood pressure (NBP) profiles, using Doppler spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods: Doppler SD-OCT retinal blood flow (RBF) measurement was acquired using the circum-pa

Optimization of Media Components for Tetrathionate Hydrolase Production from Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Tetrathionate hydrolase produced by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans has been known to be the enzyme responsible in the devulcanization of used rubber prior to recycling. The aim of this study was to statistically obtain a model that would yield an optimized media concentrations for the best production of this bacterial enzyme. One-factor-at-a-time (OFAT)

Evaluation of the Retinal Hemodynamics in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Differing Nocturnal Blood Pressure Profiles
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Purpose: To evaluate the retinal hemodynamic response to normoxic hypercapnia among patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and differing nocturnal blood pressure (NBP) profiles, using Doppler spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods: Doppler SD-OCT retinal blood flow (RBF) measurement was acquired using the circum-pa

The Effectiveness of Field Trip in the Teaching of Eop to Business Management and ICT Students at Iium: a Case Study
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Malaysia is currently experiencing an emerging trend to focus on workplace specific language needs. This paper investigates if the field trip activity which is a component in EOP, helps graduates in meeting the industry's language requirement.Zarinah Jan Yousof Khan, Dr.Khairiah Othman, Dr. Zalika Adam CELPAD, International Islamic University M

The Contrasting Views on the Development of Arabic Grammar: a Brief Ananlysis
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

There have been debates and discussions on the influence of Greek on Arabic. Modern historians such as Ahmad Amīn in his book Öuha al-Islām(1969) say that Hunain bin Ishāķ(260H/873A.D) ( J.Ruska,1980:134) went to Rome to learn Greek and then came back to Başrah to learn from Khalīl (Amīn Ahmād, 1978:v.1:313). This idea is strongly supporte

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