iKnow

Multicast Security : Issues and Solutions
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The rapid growth of multicast communications has lead to wide use of the Internet for both individual and commercial distributed applications. Multicast communication is defined as an efficient way to distribute rich media to multiple users or participants simultaneously over the Internet. This is efficient in many applications including Internet v

Qualitive Study on Multicast Routing Protocols in Manets
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

MANETs are considered for many commercial applications, including home networks,nomadic computing, community networks and emergency response networks. Also, there are many applications of MANETs that involve point-to-multipoint or multipoint-to-multipoint communication patterns. Disaster recovery, search and rescue, military applications, videoconf

Efl pre-University Students' Readiness for Learner Autonomy: Does Culture Matter?
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Language learning is a lifelong endeavor. Learners have to work within and beyond the classroom to develop their language skills. Hence, enhancing learners’ autonomy has become a key concern for language teachers as it is seen as a means to help learners in directing their own learning process. However, its relevance is sometimes questioned, as i

Satisfaction of the Disputing Parties as Consumers Towards Reconciliation Process at the Marriage Tribunal in Malaysia: an Empirical Study
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The conciliatory bodies appointed under section 106 of the Law Reform (Marriage and Divorce) 1976 Act are not effective while, the existing legal provisions concerning reconciliation process are not adequate to reconcile the matrimonial disputes of non-Muslims. This paper starts with the interpretation on descriptive statistics of demographic chara

Protecting the Health of Children by Mandating Vaccination and Immunization: an Application of Usuli Principle of Istihsan
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

In 2016, the deaths of five children from diphtheria provoked an outcry among doctors and spurred calls for an edict by religious authorities to compel Muslim families to immunize their children. In relation to this issue, the Islamic Medical Association Malaysia (IMAM) has made a statement about a need to have the Malaysian children vaccinated as

Legal Framework of Reconciliation Process Under Malaysian Islamic Family Law: a Proposal for Reform
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Under the Malaysian Islamic Family law, reconciliation process for Muslim marriages is clearly stated in two different provisions; one, which is conducted by the reconciliatory committee and the other, is by the appointment of arbitration proceedings (tahkim) in the court. When divorce application is disputed by one of the parties or when the Shari

Salicylic Acid Mitigates Pb Stress in Nicotiana Tabacum
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The exposure of plants to Pb stress increases the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) including O2–, H2O2 and ˉOH. ROS are highly reactive substances that capable of altering normal cellular metabolism via oxidative damage to membranes, proteins, and nucleic acids. Compound involves in the detoxification of Pb stress is important to redu

Rainfall Analysis in the Northern Region of Peninsular Malaysia
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Modeling of rainfall is important for assessing the possible impacts of climate change. To achieve accurate projections of rainfall events, availability of sufficient hydrological station data is critical. Precipitation is one of the most important meteorological variables for hydrological modeling. In cases where long series of observed precipitat

Determining the Time of Flight and Speed of Sound on Different Types of Edible Oil
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Edible oil is most often plant-based oils that have been extracted from various seeds. There are cases where the fully virgin edible oil was found to be a fraud. The adulterated edible oil indicates the intentional, fraudulent addition of extraneous, improper or cheaper ingredients puts into the oil or the dilution or removal of some valuable ingre

Monitoring System Using Handwritten Sample Pressure Point
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

This paper explores the possibility of using handwritten sample pressure points for robust attendance monitoring. Utilizing robust FSR as the sensing mechanism, this paper investigates the calibration process that has been conducted for using the FSR as an attendance monitoring system. From the investigation, it could be concluded that there is a p

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