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Low Bit Rate Speech Coding Standards
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The main area of speech coding standards is digital telephone, cellular mobile digital radio, and satellite fixed, and mobile system. Various digital speech coding standards which are currently in use and others are being developed for such applications. Most of these standards are International Telecommunication Union (lTU) based recommendations,

Transmission Bandwidth Efficiency Enhancement Techniques
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

All communication channels transmit infonnation fonn one user to another using channel bandwidth mostly measured in bits/second. With the advent of latest technological tools, the bandwidth efficiency of all the channels may be enhanced beyond their normal transmission capability; mean more bits can be transmitted through the same channel. Techniqu

Low Bit Rate Speech Coding
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

In recent years much work has be concentrated on encoding speech. Various coding methods are developed such as Low-Delay Codebook Excited Linear Prediction (LD-CELP), Codebook Excited Linear Prediction (CELP), Pulse Residual Excited Linear Prediction (PRELP) and others. These encoders operate at very low bit rates (4.8Kbps) as well as maintained sp

Linear Predictive Coding of Speech
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) is a mathematical (signal processing) technique used to remove the redundancy from speech signals. To remove the redundancy from speech signal, is done in 1\vo stages, first stage is to remove short term correlations form the signal and the second is to remove long term correlations. The short term and long term redun

Energy Threshold Sensitivity for Frame Loss
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The energy of speech frames can be one of the ways to express least significant frames. The energy is a frame of speech is a time domain measure, speech frames having lowver energy are correlated with low perception as well. In this chapter the 100vest sensitivity energy frames is detailed and that can be utilised for STDM intelligent architectures

Speech Quality for Energy Criterion in Multiplexing
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The energy of speech frames and their usage has been experienced in STDM architectures. Based upon this criterion the design of STOM architecture is experimented and results in terms of extra users and speech quality with 3% frame loss rate is presented in this chapterSTATISTICAL TIMEDIVISION MULTIPLEXING ARCHITECTURES AND DESIGN Editors Asadullah

Speech Frame Sensitivity Based on Mean Square Error Criterion
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The mean square error is time domain measure used to assess the speech quality. This objective measure can be used for discarding extra packets, only those packets may be discarded obtain the lowest MSE among all active users. This chapter is detailing the way this MSE can be utilized in STDM designs.STATISTICAL TIMEDIVISION MULTIPLEXING ARCHITECTU

Speech Quality for LPC Envelope Criterion
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The design of STOM based upon LPC envelope distance is used in simulation. The simulation based upon this criterion, performance of the SIDM is provided in this chapter. The quality of speech is measured subjectivelySTATISTICAL TIMEDIVISION MULTIPLEXING ARCHITECTURES AND DESIGN Editors Asadullah Shah Asadullah Shaikh MunibaShaikh ZeeshanBhatti Nuha

A Novel Text Steganography Technique to Arabic Language Using Reverse Fatah
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

This paper presents a new technique for information hiding in Arabic language. The technique uses text steganography to hi de the information. Considering the existence of Harakat(Fatha, Kasra and Damma) in the languages a new approach of reversing the Fatha has been developed for message hiding.The technique has been also evaluated to ensure its q

Frequencies Determination of Characters for Bahasa Melayu: Results of Preliminary Investigation
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Bahasa Melayu (Malay language) is a language spoken in Malaysia and many countries around it. It has rich literature and deep roots in culture. Bahasa Melayu language uses roman character set (i.e. A-Z) identical to English language. The written language uses the character set as building blocks to build word, sentences and phrases along with speci

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