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Enamel Surface Roughness in Young Permanent Tooth After Bleaching
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Bleaching for children is rarely performed in dental clinic, but the literature indicates that bleaching is used for children. Bleaching causes demineralization that can increase enamel surface roughness. However, the addition of fluoride and potassium nitarte can inhibit mineral loss and activate remineralization. The aim of this in vitro study is

Effects of Aging and Exercise Training on the Common Carotid Blood Velocities in Healthy Men
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

An age-related alteration in the cardiovascular response to exercise training are evident. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of exercise and age on blood velocities in common carotid artery in 82 healthy men between the age ranges of 21 to 67 years old. Blood velocities are characterized to five components of velocity waveform

Optimizing Resources of an fpga-Based Smart Camera Architecture
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The acceptance of reconfigurable platforms specifically FPGAs in embedded system design is becoming more apparent. While there are varieties of platforms available for smart camera implementation, our interest is mainly on reconfigurable platforms, specifically FPGAs. In this paper we discuss the research opportunity and the importance of hardware/

Dismissal from Employment and the Remedies
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Dismissal from employment and the remedies is basically intended to provide a clear understanding that surrounds the concept of a worker's 'security of tenure' in employment with reference to common law and statutory law. It elaborates the remedies of workers at common law wrongful dismissal and statutory unfair dismissal in further bri

Product Liability in Malaysia
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The march of modernisation and the introduction of products of greater sophistication and complexity in the marketplace have also seen the rising trend of damage, injury and adverse consequences suffered by consumers as a result of product failure, shoddy workmanship or defective design. Product liability law seeks to provide redress for damage suf

Reconciliation of Matrimonial Disputes: the Constrains and Proposed Reform
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

In matrimonial disputes, pursuant to the Law Reform (Marriage and Divorce) Act 1976, s 55(1), the petitioner , before the presentation of a petition for dirvoce, shall have recourse to the assistance and advice of such persons or bodies as may be made available for the purpose of effecting reconciliation between parties to a marriage who have becom

Same, But is it Similar? a Case Report
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Tuberculous spondylitis may be imposable to differentiate from pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis and other primary or metatastatic tumours based on clinical and radiographic findings. There are no specific features that are pathognomonic of tuberculous spondylitis. Common finding that arouse suspicion are rarefaction of the vertebral endplates, disc

A Performance Comparison of Proactive and Reactive Routing Protocols of Mobile ad-Hoc Network (Manet)
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes dynamically forming a temporary network without the use of any existing network infrastructure or centralized administration. To support MANET, many routing protocols are already designed, such as DSDV, DSR, AODV, TORA, OLSR, WRP, ZRP and many more. This study analyzes these thr

Consumer Redress Mechanisms in Malaysia: Prospects and Challenges
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

An efficient, inexpensive and informal redress machinery is indeed essential for attaining consumer protection. In this respect the ordinary court system in Malaysia is generally perceived to be unable to satisfy consumers’ needs. Thus the establishment of the Tribunal for Consumer Claims in 1999 and the Tribunal for Homebuyer Claims in 2002 may

Strict Liability for Defective Products: Balancing of Interests Between Consumers and Producers
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

A system of strict liability for defective products has been incorporated into Malaysian law through Part X of the Consumer Protection Act 1999 (hereinafter referred to as the CPA). It is aimed at providing better protection to the victim of defective or unsafe products. However the system is founded on the policy consideration that product liabili

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