Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only
This article discusses Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje’s views on Makkah as a centre of pan-Islamism and anticolonialism. The discussion is set against the backdrop of the insatiable Western appetite for colonization and imperialism during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Hurgronje was an active protagonist in the developments. Apart from bein