iKnow

Mechanical Impedance Modeling of Human Arm: a Survey
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Human arm mechanical impedance plays a vital role in describing motion ability of the upper limb. One of the impedance parameters is stiffness which is defined as the ratio of an applied force to the measured deformation of the muscle. The arm mechanical impedance modeling is useful in order to develop a better controller for system that interacts

A meta-Analysis of Factor Effectiveness Related to Student's Academic Motivation
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Motivation is recognized as a set of beliefs that drive and sustain behaviour and is an important precursor to learning and success in school (Kiefer, Alley, and Ellerbrock (2015). Motivation in learning has consistently been linked to reduced dropout and increased level of student success. The term motivation is often used to describe what gets pe

An Assessment of Public Transport Features in Urban and Rural Settlements in Malaysia
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

his paper focuses on assessing the features of bus services offered in selected urban and rural settlements in Malaysia. Five definitions of public transport level of services (LOS) according to Transportation Research Board are adopted. Assessment of the LOS has been conducted using both quantitative and qualitative methods of primary and secondar

Developing Elt Materials for Muslim Learners
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

This paper discusses the need to develop ELT materials for Muslim learners and the importance, when developing these materials, of addressing the cognitive and affective domains, and for the materials to be rich in moral values so that they are able to provide a means for students to think, reflect upon, and discuss issues of relevance to them, whi

Public Bus Level of Service Performance in Peninsular Malaysia: Correlation Analyses on Level of Service (Los) and Passengers' Satisfaction Level
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

This study explore the stage bus performance of 48 routes within selected urban and regional settlements in Peninsula Malaysia, using a quantitative traffic engineering measure known as Level of Service standards or LOS and validated through the evaluation of passengers' satisfaction level. The findings on the level of service (LOS) highlight t

English for Religious Purposes: an inquiry-Based Pedagogy for Muslim ESL Learners
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

This study explored ways of integrating Islamic content into ELT materials for the benefit of Muslim learners' language and faith. After analysing the literature, a sample of ELT materials was prepared to be used in conjunction with an inquiry-based pedagogy known as ‘Community of Inquiry’ (CI). This combination was termed ‘English for Re

de-Islamization in Java During the Dutch Colonial Period from 1800 to 1942
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The very long period of Dutch colonialism in Indonesia still has a very significant impact on Indonesia, including on Java as part of Nusantara. Javanese people as the largest population in Indonesia were greatly affected by the de-Islamization process during the Dutch colonial period. This process not only estranged Javanese people from Islamic va

Rural Public Bus Routing and Bus Stops Detecting Using Global Positioning System and Geographical Information System
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

This paper reports on the investigation of rural public bus routing and passengers’ boarding and alighting point detection using the application of GPS and GIS methods. Using the case study of rural bus operation in Kerian District of Perak, Malaysia, the two methods of GPS points captured during onboard survey and GIS mapping were deployed. The

Fair and Equitable Treatment of Investors: a Comparative Appraisal
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

The fair and equitable treatment of the foreign investors has become a major concern of the international community not only in developing and least developed countries – perhaps because of the absence of proper laws and their poor enforcement in these countries - but purportedly also in developed countries. Legal protection to foreign owned prop

Evaluation of Antioxidants Activity of Momordica Charantia Using lc-Ms Metabolomics Approach
Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only

Objectives: The present study was design to identify the significant biomarkers from M.charantia that possessing antioxidant activity using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based metabolomics approaches. Design and method: Initially, the fruit was extracted by soaking in different solvents with different concentrations of ethanol in

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