Nowadays, various algorithms inspired by natural processes have been extensively applied in solving engineering problems. This study proposed Artificial Immune Systems (AIS), a computational approach inspired by the processes of human immune system, as an algorithm to predict future rainfall. This proposed algorithm is another alternative technique

Transforming Growth Factor (TGF) β is a pleiotropic growth factor implicated in the development of atherosclerosis for its role in mediating glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain hyperelongation on the proteoglycan biglycan, a phenomenon that leads to increased binding of atherogenic lipoproteins in the wall of blood vessels. TGF-β signalling pathway com

Background: The nephron endowment depends on both genetic and environmental factors. The intrauterine environment such as maternal high or low salt intake may directly or indirectly impair the foetal development and favour programming of diseases in later life. Objective: This study investigates the effects of different maternal salt intake on the

Background: A great deal of research has been carried out on the assessment of the eudaimonic perspective of psychological well-being and the hedonic perspective of subjective well-being. The Flourishing Scale (FS) has been extensively used in research and practice, as it assesses the fundamental aspects of social psychological functioning. Neverth

Currently, major interest rates, such as the Base Lending Rate (BLR) and Kuala Lumpur Interbank Offered Rate (KLIBOR) are widely used as reference rates by the Islamic financial institutions to benchmark a broad range of financial products and contracts. This study aims to compare the viability of an alternative pricing mechanism for Islamic home f

Objective: Piperacillin-tazobactam is a commonly used antibiotic in critically ill patients; however, controversy exists as to whether mortality in serious infections can be decreased through administration by prolonged infusion compared with intermittent infusion. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to describe the impact o

Silicon carbide (SiC) is a compound consisting of silicon and carbon. It is also known as carborundum. SiC is used as an abrasive material after it was mass produced in 1893. The credit of mass production of SiC goes to Edward Goodrich Acheson. Now SiC is used not only as an abrasive, but it is also extensively used in making cutting tools, structu

Hydroxychavicol (HC) is a phenolic compound of betel leaf (Piper betle). It has been reported to have antifungal properties against dermatophytes including T. rubrum. The aim of this study was to identify the effects of the HC against T. rubrum. Broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungi

Cervical spine injury is commonly associated with road-traffic accidents. The true incidence of cervical spine injuries is unknown due to under-reporting of such injuries. Cervical spine injury is associated with high morbidity and mortality if it is missed. With the advancement of imaging modalities, the number of missed cervical injuries has redu

Humeral supracondylar fracture is the most common elbow injury in children. Displaced fractures are often fixed with pinning method after a closed or an open reduction. Recently, lateral external fixation is becoming more popular in the treatment of humeral supracondylar fractures with reported good outcomes. The pros and cons of this new technique