Of the major concepts pertaining to commercial activity advanced by Islamic legal system is the concept of joint participation for generating and sharing gain. While commercial activity and investment for making gain could be done individually, pooling resources together in the form of joint mobilization of capital in business could allow business

Unhealthy eating habits have become a big issue that often causes many chronic diseases in various countries in recent years. The current assessment to identify the status of eating habits is to use self-assessment. However, self-assessment is known to have an error or uncertainty value due to cognitive factors from respondents that affect the resu

Shirkah al-milk or joint ownership in Islamic law may take place in commercial and non-commercial spheres, where an asset, right or usufruct is jointly claimed by more than one party, such as through the joint ownership of a house, vehicle etc. This form of joint partnership or joint ownership is subject to detailed rules and provisions as discusse

Ethical business and commerce modes have suffered an erosion ever since conventional modes based on Western business models had overtaken the fields of banking and commerce. The conventional system of business, sourced from debt based financing with the interest based loan as its primary foundation, does not welcome ethical and mutually rewarding b

In this study, the effect of adding different nanoparticles in the mixture of deionised water and ethylene glycol on dynamic viscosity is investigated experimentally. In order to prepare for single nanofluids, the dry nanoparticles of SiO2, Al2O3 and ZrO2 were dispersed into 60% volume of deionised water and 40% volume of ethylene glycol as a base

Research on doctoral supervision in the field of Intercultural Communication has traditionally been applied to cross-cultural comparison, especially across national systems and cultural boundaries. However, recent years have witnessed that such comparison is being challenged and re-analysed in light of potential risk of over generalisation and ster

Nigella sativa oil (NSO) is one of the high value oils in fats and oils industry due to its nutritional applications and its beneficial effects on human health. Several biological activities have been reported, especially antioxidant activities due to its active components, especially phenolics compounds. Some methods have been used for extraction

This study unveils the roles, responsibilities and challenges faced by middle leaders in private secondary schools in Islamabad in Pakistan. The study focused on their contribution to schools in order to bring democratic changes in thinking, attitudes and behavior of school leadership system in a developing country. This was a qualitative case stud

Tilapia (Indigofera sp.) is used as animal feed because it has a crude protein content of 28.98 % and crude fiber content is 8.49 %, so it is considered as an energy source rich in nutrients. Tilapia plants are plants that are adaptable in a variety of diverse environmental conditions, such as acid soils and long dry climates. Utilization of tilapi

The thermal performances of a R410A filled thermosyphon subjected to low heat flux from 1882 W/m2 to 4423 W/m2 and evaporator wall temperatures between 20 °C and 50 °C with fill ratios 1.00 and 0.75 and at different inclinations from 45°, 68° and 90° were investigated. The axial temperature distribution of the thermosyphon was found to be unif