Background: Agarwood is a priceless non‑timber forest product from Aquilaria species belonging to the Thymelaeaceae family. As a result of a defence mechanism to fend off pathogens, Aquilaria species develop agarwood or resin which can be used for incense, perfumery, and traditional medicines. Evidences from ethnopharmacological practices showed

Agarwood oil is a highly prized type of oil due to its unique aroma. The oil is extracted from the fragrant resin found in the agarwood tree (trunk). The unique aroma and quality of agarwood resin and oil are contributed by the presence of certain chemical compounds. In this work, analysis and comparison of the chemical compounds of agarwood oil fr

Agarwood or Gaharu by definition is the resin impregnated heartwood from Aquilaria species that produces unique aromatic scent when burnt. apart from religious rituals and perfumes, agarwood has also been used as traditional medicines leading to the interest of this study which is to screen for anti-cancer properties to further support the traditio

In the past, many Muslims maintained strong reservations about using English as a means of communication, interaction, and intellectual practices mainly due to its association with British colonialism. In the postcolonial world Muslims and other religious communities, as well as various ethnic and indigenous groups, have moved away from the ideolog

In Heterogeneous Network (HetNet), Femtocells (HeNodeBs) are deployed due to extension of coverage and sophisticated spectrum effectiveness in indoor environment. However, the random deployment of HeNodeBs may create the co-channel interference (CCI) with macrocell (meNB) users, thereby a service disruption occurred. To mitigate CCI a SON-SA is pro

Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet) are composed of multi-mode, multi-layer, and multi-band network structures and utilize cells of varying sizes. To cover large areas, established base stations (macro sites) are used; for coating buildings, microcells(macro-eNBs) are employed; for covering individual levels or floors in a building, Pico-cells are util

Deploying femtocell in heterogeneous network (HetNets) are promising because of improved coverage as well as system capacity. The challenge for inter-cell and intra-cell interference has taken seriously by the industry. However, some distinctive characteristics presents key problem to mitigate the interference. The random deployment of femtocell (H

The Israel occupation of Palestinian territory has been an old aged occupation that frequently draws the attention of the United Nations and the International community. The recent rockets strike on Israel by the Hamas has led to the wanton killing of civilians and destruction of civilian property that deserve to be protected during hostilities. Is

As regards Islam and poetry (for that matter, literature as a whole), there exists some misunderstanding which is most commonly made by two mutually opposing groups: commentators with negative notion about Islam who state that it is a restrictive religion with no room for creativity; and devout Muslims with somewhat puritan tendency who believe tha

In OFDM based Heterogeneous Networks (HetNet) deploying femtocells (HeNodeBs) causes’ inter-cell interference in uplink as well as downlink. Spec-trum allocation is one of the technique as many researcher identified. However, using frequency reuse/ cognitive system for dynamic spectrum reallocation is also a challenging issues. Therefore, this pa