Background: There is high prevalence of dental diseases shown in epidemiological studies, yet, not more than half adults visiting the dentist within a year. Majority of people seek dental treatment are mainly to reduce pain.1 Several factors that affect patients’ oral health seeking behavior includes education, gender, socio-economic status, rura

Experts on Sufi movements relegate a rather significant and critical role for Sufism in the formation of redefined political forces on the new post-Arab Spring political map. This is particularly true for one of the most vibrant Sufi capitals of the Muslim world, Egypt, holding a record sum of more than 10 million Sufi members. In spite of this, ho

The build, operate and transfer (BOT) contract has widely been applied in developing economies since the participation of private sectors has declined in the reconstruction and funding of public infrastructure. BOT is a financing and operating approach, which has been practiced primarily in the area of infrastructure privatization in developing cou

Islamic architecture and Islamic architectural heritage speak volume of the essence and values of the people of the Islamic faith as a physical manifestation within the environmental context they were and currently positioned. This introductory paper to Islamic Architectural Heritage Research Unit (ISArcH) is to provide the vision and mission of th

Drivers travel at speeds they judge to be comfortably achievable in relation to the prevailing conditions and road geometrical design. The relationship between road geometrical design and speed of vehicles traveling in is very prominent. Speeds vary according to the perception of constraint imparted to the drivers by the road geometrical design. In

Greenery in an urban environment is an important consideration when studying temperature, and such enquiry can benefit human health. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how ambient temperature in urban areas is affected by forests and parks. The focus is on biophysical parameters related to these green areas, such as impervious surface perc

School is a nucleus of the society. School development should be planned based on the sustainable concept. People need education for future employment and to improve quality of life. The purpose of this paper is to determining parents 19 criteria in selecting the suitable public school for their children. There are various factors underlying in det

Silicon carbide (SiC) is a material that possesses hardness and robustness to operate under high temperature condition. This work is a pilot in exploring the feasibility of cubic piezo element on the SiC wafer with integrated proof mass as horizontal cantilever with perpendicular displacement with respect to the normal plane. With the advance of el

Although there is a growing literature concerning sustainability that is grounded in psychology, particularly environmental psychology, much of the current knowledge in this field is still derived from the works of researchers in ecology, environmental science, geography, architecture, and sociology. This renders psychology of sustainability as an

Train overcrowding has been associated with a number of negative outcomes, including psychological and physiological stress, negative health effects and behavioural reactions, as well as spillover effects. Despite the widely admitted seriousness of this issue, there is little agreement on the appropriate measures to deal with the increasing passeng