In this paper we propose a scheme that provides physical layer security by combining two techniques known as encryption and channel pre-compensation. Encryption transforms the original signal constellation into a higher order constellation based on the key sequence generated by AES in counter-mode. Channel pre-compensation is performed based on the

In this paper we consider the problem of secure communication between two nodes, over a fading wireless medium, in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. We propose a scheme that provides security based on transforming the basic signal constellation to a higher order signal constellation with the help of conventional encryption method and then usi

A lot of Shading Devices designs have been developed over the years to filter daylight into buildings. Complex shading devices which are characterised such as geometrical pattern, intense egg-grate configurations and irregular organic shapes are popular in Malaysia and rarely been investigated. These types of shading devices are significant in the

The rapidly growing popularity of E-Learning has introduced new terms to education, as virtual learning. The success of a virtual learning environment (VLE) depends on a considerable extent of student acceptance and use of such an e-Iearning system. The current study introduces an overview of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Furthermore, it b

The concept of virtual learning environment (VLE) means more than website, it has several features that can enhance the education process, it is not necessary to be represented in distance learning, this concept is extended to enrich the education activities even in the classroom. The current research aims to explore the definitions of the VLEs in

The emergence of electronic learning (e-Iearning) has further facilitated the wide adoption of learner-centered education and other changes in educational practices. Such benefits of e-Iearning are reduced education cost, consistency, timely content, flexible accessibility, and convenience. The present study provides brief description of e-Iearning

Introduction: Different methods of slaughtering are being practiced because of differences in religious guidelines and environmental issues (use of electricity) or convenience of handling etc. Variation in methods of slaughtering results in different conditions namely, release of varying amount of blood and different degree of movement of its body

This paper examines the child’s right to determine his / her religious status when one parents converts to Islam under Malaysian law. Determination as to the religious status of a child as well as custodial rights are very much in dispute between these parents as their marriage has to come to an end due to religious sanctions and lack of toleranc

Ketamine abuse is on the increase in Malaysia. Neurodegenerative change following ketamine use results in debilitating behavioural and cognitive dysfunctions. These changes are thought to be the consequences of network and cellular disorganization and degeneration in the brain involving areas such as hippocampus. Ketamine works by blocking NMDA rec

This paper reports a literature review on commitment among quantity surveyors in Malaysia. The review aims to discover the meanings of commitment held by male and female quantity surveyor employees through the exploration of meanings of commitment done from previous studies. Additionally, the study seeks the factors lead to commitment among quantit