Research Output | Dar Al-hikmah Library | IIUM Only
Background: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a psychostimulant drug that induces neurotoxicity. Even though several psychostimulant substances activate microglia, little is known about MDMA's effects on these cells, and evidence of MDMA-induced microglial activation is equivocal. Materials and Methods: This study employed a murine mi