Nowadays, in a highly computerized system, people have tendency to have not expect privacy to be maintained and continue in its current form if individual control is required and monitored. Especially, in contemporary campaigns for higher office, the candidates often use mass media to deliver political message or having certain campaign developed b

Hearing and Speech Impaired (HSI) community is often disadvantaged due to their difficulties in communicating with the rest of the World. Although Sign languages have been used as a means to convey their message, problems still exist as there are not many people familiar with this type of languages. Besides, the number of available translators is i

The strongest benefit has been offered for the implementation of electronic voting related to cost and time reduction. Therefore, recent publicity concerning the reliability, security and privacy issue of various e-voting systems has increased public scrutiny of the machines themselves as well as the election process as a whole. In the greater scal

The welding process is a critical stage in the production of structural parts and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints must be appropriate in order to guarantee the reliability and durability of the components. The fracture toughness behaviour, which accounts for the residual strength of the component in the presence of

Correct types and concentration of plant growth regulators (PGRs) will enhance and optimize the growth of callus cultures. This paper reported the effects of several types of cytokinins (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)) and auxins (6–Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin) on the callus induction of C. suhu

Polymer-based nanocomposites have attracted a lot of attention for amperometric biosensor development due to their general physical and chemical properties including biocompatibility, film-forming ability, stability and different functional groups that can be bonded with other biomolecues. In this study, poly-4-vinlyridine homopolymer (P4VP) and po

Neer first popularised the use of primary hemiarthroplasty to treat complex proximal humerus fractures, especially when the humeral head is nonviable or not reconstructable with internal fixations, and with younger patients. A 16-year-old boy had a motor vehicle accident and sustained a closed right proximal humerus fracture dislocation without neu

IIUM Research Endowment Fund was initiated to encourage research activities, but was withdrawn in 2015 due to financial constraint. The discontinuity was additionally justified as Endowment Funds being an internal fund, does not contribute to MyRA, an instrument used to gauge research activities in Malaysian Universities. It is divided into Endowme

Islamic educational system in the Malay Peninsula began with the arrival of Islam to the region. The need for Islamic education by the natives of the Malay Peninsula grew exponentially from as early as the 18th to the early 20th centuries. As a result of the natives’ cumulative need, pondoks and madrasahs were formed as early as in the 19th and t

شهدت المنتجات الحلال رواج تجاري عالمي يتجاوز نطاق الدولة الواحدة والإطار التنظيمي الواحد ،وهي تكرّس مفهوم تعدد الجنسيات لتخضع إلى نظمٍ قانونية متعددة ومتنوعة منذ مرحلة تكوينها وتصنيعها وصول