In this present paper, it is proposed the renormalization techniques in the investigation of phase transition phenomena in p-adic statistical mechanics. We mainly study p-adic $\l$-model on the Cayley tree of order two. We consider generalized p-adic quasi Gibbs measures depending on parameter $\r\in\bq_p$, for the $\l$-model. Such measures are con

In the present paper we introduce a new notion of order called b-order. Then we define a bistochasticity quadratic stochastic operator (q.s.o.) with respect to the b-order, and call it a b-bistochastic q.s.o. We include several properties of the b-bistochastic q.s.o. and descriptions of all b-bistochastic q.s.o. defined on a two dimensional simplex

The subject on man and personality is one that has been discussed over the centuries. This topic has caught the attention of many scholars of diverse specialization in the East and West. The studies conducted on man, be it in the areas of psychology, biology, religion, history, anthropology, sociology, humanities, etc, are all aimed at exploring th

Zakat and waqaf are the two key instruments that focus on providing assistance to the needy. While they share similar aim but their approaches are different. Zakat has specific approach as prescribed in Al-Quran and Al-Hadiths whereas waqaf in general has no direct Quranic injunction except the various verses and hadiths that promote the practice o

ASEAN aspires to achieve regional economic integration by 2020 (ASEAN Economic Community or AEC). The most significant target of the AEC is perhaps the establishment of a well-connected, highly competitive and resilient ASEAN wherein people, goods, services and capital are closer together. Infrastructure therefore is urgently needed. Among the cons

The presentation focuses on PPP/PFI. It is for a training programme "Pengurusan Kontrak & Pembiayaan Projek Kerajaan" or "Contract Administration & Project Funding in the Public Sector" for senior Malaysian civil servants .Kursus Pengurusan Kontrak & Pembiayaan Projek Kerajaan PPP/PFI – Konsep , Pelaksanaan & Cabar

In congruence with the acceptance of Halal business throughout the world, entrepreneurs in Malaysia also use new and innovative strategies to compete with other business in the global market. This is due to the Halal products that provide assurance and commitment to the consumer that the products or service is safe to be consumed or used. However,

Istisna’ has been accepted as the Shariah compliant tool for a transaction wherein the subject matter is yet to exist. In the case of construction works’ contracts the current Istisna’ practice appears to be skewed towards meeting the needs and requirements of the international funding institutions, hence the use of parallel Istisna’. Howev

Debates on the continuous and upward increase in the selling price of houses continue unabated. However, very little has been said about construction costs of houses, such as, is the trend in construction costs of houses moving in similar patterns too? One way to understand it is through comparing and contrasting the construction costs index agains

Haddul kifayah refers to the income of an individual or household, used by zakat authorities, in determining whether an individual or household are eligible to be categorized as asnaf faqr or asnaf miskin. Consequently, if they fit into any one of the said asnaf, they would be eligible to be given financial assistance via the zakat fund. This paper