Crowdfunding is developing in popularity as a new form of both investment opportunities and source of raising capital. This needs to be studied. The aim of this paper is to explore and expand the understanding of the newly invented crowdfunding, types of the existing platforms of the industry. We studied unsearched area of crowdfunding platforms th

The electrical lighting system is one of the most significant contributors to energy consumption and operational cost for a library building. The extended operation of the lighting system in the library building consumes a high amount of energy, which requires the adoption of energy efficiency implementation to reduce energy consumption and to over

Education for youth is the most powerful tool to change the world. It plays a significant role to design the future as a successful citizen in society. The United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals in quality education focus on increasing the number of youth having relevant knowledge and skills, including technical and vocational skills for s

Gelatin is extensively added to the food products for quality improvements of food entities. The role of gelatin as food thickener, texturizer, stabilizer, ingredient and as an animal based source has restricted its liberal use. However, the usage of this animal-based food quality improver has become less popular due to religious constraints and he

A palynological study was conducted on seven species of Byttneria Löfl. The objectives of this study was to understand the variation in micromorphological and harmomegarthic characteristics of pollen in Byttneria species in Malaysia and Singapore. In doing so, more information on the species of Sterculiaceae s.s family can be added. Dried pollen s

A therapeutic approach for treating diabetes is to decrease thepost-prandial hyperglycaemia. This is done by retarding the absorption of glucose through the inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, α-amylase and α-glucosidase, in the digestive tract. Inhibition of both enzymes helps to reduce the glucose level in the blood of a diabetic pa

Despite being the preferred office setting especially for organizations with a huge number of employees, the open-plan office brings together with it a number of drawbacks. Acoustical distraction as one of the unresolved issues in open-plan office settings requires further intervention to minimize its negative effect, especially to the employees

Background: Wound healing is a natural response to tissue injury and it involves regulated order of cellular and biochemical actions to reinstate tissue after injury, that involves resurfacing, reconstitution, and restoration of tensile strength of injured skin. Most of the chemical medications which widely used for wound healing that might cause u

We give the full descriptions of the dynamical behaviour of the Potts–Bethe mapping of degree four on Q5. For a, b in Q5, the Potts–Bethe mapping is written as follows f_{a,b}=( \frac{ax+b}{x+a+b-1})^4 When |a - 1|5 < |b + 1|5 < 1, there exists a subsystem (J; f_{a,b}) that is topologically conjugate to the chaotic full shift dynamics o

Stevia rebaudiana is a unique plant that contains non-caloric natural sweetener and has gained much interest among Malaysians. In this study, the effect of different concentrations of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) was assessed in inducing mutation in Stevia seeds to produce genetic variations, which is valuable for crop improvement. Stevia seeds wer