Background: Conventional or hospital treatment such as surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy is widely recommended by health care providers for treating breast cancer. Early decision in conventional treatment is a complex phenomenon that requires careful consideration of the medical condition, available information, potential risk, financial, job,

Little is known about strategic communication interventions that uses Islamic data, sources, and arguments to address vaccine misunderstanding that leads to vaccine hesitancy phenomenon. Aiming to develop a strategic communication approach to counter the widespread misunderstanding on vaccination related to religious matters, a systematic literatur

Introduction: Integration of soft skills components in clinical evaluation is essential for undergraduate nursing students. However, soft skills are a prerequisite for increasing confidence in providing services to patients. As future health professionals, these students must develop a complete set of competencies that go beyond technical competenc

Introduction: Nursing is a theory-practice course that requires high-quality and effective clinical education experi- ences. Clinical placement is one of the most important parts of nursing education; that can be challenging, stressful, and causes unpredictable changes. However, studies describing the challenges during clinical placement faced by n

Objective: Obesity is a complex condition with multiple contributing factors and is an epidemic in all population including young adults. Epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation, and inflammation has been associated with the etiology of obesity. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine linked to obesity. However, the interrela

Milk kinship is an Islamic belief described as a relationship established when infants receive breast milk from non-biological mothers. This form of kinship is said to bear a very close resemblance to blood relation whereby the recipients’ infants are regarded as milk siblings to the biological children of the breastfeeding mother. Any future mar

This paper studies the role of the Naleemiah Institute of Islamic Studies as a mediator in empowering Muslim religious leaders through proper Islamic education in Sri Lanka. Considerable criticism is directed towards traditional Islamic educational institutions for not exhibiting contemporary and contextually designed features regarding regional as

For Muslims, ingesting or utilising any products derived from porcine is forbidden as it is considered unclean. Besides, although bovine is halal to be consumed, this ruling is only applicable if it is slaughtered strictly according to Islamic law (Shari’ah). Given Islam’s imposing certain restrictions on the consumption of porcine- and bovine-

Intraocular lenses (IOLs) are commonly used to treat ocular diseases such as cataracts. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO 11979) recommends examining IOLs using real model eyes with the lenses in situ, although this process can also be simulated in silico with an accurate IOL haptic design. One way to create this design is by

Introduction: Obesity, a condition of excessive adipose tissue accumulation, has been elucidated as a common risk factor in many types of cancer by previous studies. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate IIUM Kuantan undergraduates' knowledge and awareness of obesity and its risk of cancer. Methods: A cross-sectional study using co