This paper presents a fast terminal sliding mode control strategy for a class of underactuated systems. Strategically, this development encompasses those electro mechanical underactuated systems which can be transformed into the so-called regular form. The novelty of this article lies in the hierarchical development of a fast terminal sliding manif

Polymer is obtained by a process called polymerization which is actually a chemical reaction to combine monomer molecules together. In this work a suitable model and control system was proposed for obtaining the maximum production yield of industrial grade polymer. Significant process parameters specifically system temperature (0C), reaction pressu

Journal of Islam in Asia (JIA) is devoted right from its first issue in 2004 to publication of quality research papers in both Arabic and English. Research denotes thorough investigation into and deliberation over an issue with a view to developing a totally novel idea or suggesting new interpretation of the currently existing idea. Mere compilatio

Standardization of medicinal herbs is one of Malaysian government strategy to warranty the quality of these herbs. One novel approach in standardization of the medicinal herbs is metabolomics. Metabolomics is a comprehensive analysis of the whole metabolites in a sample. Identification of both chemical and bio-markers can be performed by the instru

Background: Recently, there have been an increasing number of literatures on health seeking behavior of different segments of society in the urban and non-urban regions but rarely have these studies emphasized the health care issues related to migrant workers. With this paucity of investigation, this research focuses on the needs and assessment of

Marriage is a social institution that is highly regarded but is in decline due to the impact of modernity. Marriage, meaning the institution regulating sex, reproduction, and family life (Brake, 2012) has generated much controversy in the contemporary world because of considerable variation in its meaning and practices. In this paper, we examine fa

Though a lot of research have been concerned with school dropout issue for both girls and boys, dropout pattern significantly differs by the gender of the students. This paper clarifies the factors that contribute to the increasing dropout rate of children, particularly among girls by making a detailed review of available literature. Most past revi

arotenoids are bioactive antioxidant pigments with pharmaceutical potential. Carotenoids such as α-carotene and β-carotene react as provitamin A in human body, while lutein and zeaxanthin are two major components of the macular pigment of the retina. Due to its high carotenoids and pro-vitamin A content, sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is believed

This paper presents the design and simulation results for a multi-frequency oscillator based on complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator. Multi-frequency oscillator is simulated using 0.35 μm CMOS technology. The oscillator operated at 600 and 1.76 GHz. The multi-fre

Five varieties of sweet potato tuber in Malaysia, have been studied for their total carotenoid contents and βeta- carotene content through spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography HPLC analysis. This study was conducted to compare carotenoids content in local orange, yellow, purple and white sweet potato tuber pulp. UV-spectrop