Tawarruq is the purchase of a commodity that is in the ownership and possession of the seller against a deferred price, and its subsequent sale by the purchaser to a party other than the seller on cash, for the purpose of obtaining cash. Even though there has been some scholarly objection to its practice, the majority appear to have considered tawa

Facilitating equity participation in trade and other undertakings that help the real fruits of ventures spread among a larger segment of the society while dividing the inherent risk is an important facet of an Islamic financial system. Several decades after their appearance in the scene of banking and finance, Islamic banks continue to use debt-fin

Tracking a desired trajectory in joint space has been favored in several robot manipulators and end-effector control scheme due to the simplicity and high sampling rate offered by the joint space scheme. This usually require the trajectory conversion process, of the desired position, velocity, and acceleration, from Cartesian space to joint space u

We provide a solvability criterion for a cubic equation in domains Z*3, Z3, and Q3.Sains Malaysiana 44(4)(2015): 635–641 Solvability of Cubic Equations over 3 (Kebolehselesaian Persamaan Kubik ke atas 3) MANSOOR SABUROV* & MOHD ALI KHAMEINI AHMAD ABSTRACT We provide a solvability criterion for a cubic equation in domains , 3, and 

We knew that a trajectory of a linear stochastic operator associated with a positive square stochastic matrix starting from any initial point from the simplex converges to a unique fixed point. However, in general, the similar result for a quadratic stochastic operator associated with a positive cubic stochastic matrix does not hold true. In this p

We know from the theory of Markov chains that any positive square stochastic matrix has a unique fixed point in the simplex and its trajectory starting from any initial point of the simplex converges to that unique fixed point. However, in general, the similar result for a positive cubic stochastic matrix does not hold true. We know that a cubic st

Islam clearly identifies not only lawful (halal) activities, but also unlawful (haram) activities as well. Differences of opinion may arise in these two areas too. In order to achieve the ultimate in Islam, we should exercise caution when practicing Islamic finance. In Islamic banking and finance, most of the contracts deal with exchange contracts

This paper illustrates the background of various concepts, approaches, terminologies used to describe the basic framework of an Islamic Hotel Room Design. This paper reviews the theoretical views in establishing a suitable and optimum environment for Muslim as well as non-Muslim guests in hotel rooms according to shariah. It involves a few research

Performance enhancement of laser acquired from a newly developed double-clad Yb31/Tm31 codoped fiber (YTDF) is demonstrated using dual-pumping scheme. The laser uses a 2 m long YTDF fiber with a core dopant concentrations (in wt%) of 2.00 Yb2O3, 0.5 Tm2O3, 1.0 Al2O3, and 3.00 Y2O3 as a gain medium in conjunction with a pair of fiber Bragg grating i

We investigated the relationship among the number of flash annealing times to obtain Si clean surface and the change of arsenic dopant concentration and subband levels using secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy(ARPES). The SIMS result shows that the first five times of the flash annealing already indu