An open fracture is a serious injury and is associated with many complications and poor outcomes. Saving a patient's life precedes saving a limb. Once a patient's life is not in threat, the early aim is to prevent infection. This is done by early systematic debridement and stabilisation. Debridement starts with wound extension following the

The aim of open fracture management is to save life, prevent infection and promote fracture healing. This is done through resuscitation, emergency debridement, temporary stabilization with an external fixator, early soft tissue coverage and end with bone reconstruction. The spanning external fixation is done out of the zone of injury in a safe mann

Placement of the external fixator in the femur is limited because of the presence of the opposite thigh. The conventional fixator is not strong enough to resist the strong deforming forces in the thigh. The circular fixator, although stable, is bulky and interferes with daily activities such as sitting and lying on the bed. The monorail external fi

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the major risk factor for periodontal disease (PD). PD includes a spectrum of disorders ranging from gingivitis to periodontitis. If undetected and left untreated the disease can lead to early tooth loss. Assessing PD health is beneficial for keeping good oral health, which affects on glycemic control of the ch

الاحتجاج اللغوي لدى النحويين بمعنى استنباط القواعد النحوية من المصادر الأساسية؛ ومنها النقل والإجماع والقياس والاستصحاب وغيرها. فهذه المصادر لها مستويات، فالنقل مثلا يتكون من القرآن والحدي�

Zakat is one of the primary economic resources for Islamic countries. Efficient and systematic management of zakat can increase the potential of zakat as an instrument for the development of Muslims. Therefore, optimum utilization of zakat funds is essential to improve every Muslim's quality and potential. In Malaysia, the administration and ma

Current perspectives highlight the importance of educational sector in designing the socio-economic development of a country. It accelerates the economic growth through knowledge and skills development by improving the human capabilities, in terms of ensuring that the individuals are confident, perspective and physically active. It is customary to

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability measurement of corneal stromal thickness, sub-basal nerve plexus (SBNP) and keratocyte cell density (KCD) in laser refractive surgery patients. Methods: 120 eyes of 60 participants were recruited and both right and left eyes of the myopic subjects were measured separately. Cornea stromal th

Aims: Accurate diagnosis and proper treatments of osteomyelitis are often difficult and ineffective due to several reasons such as less sensitive sample collected and the formation of biofilm following prosthetic use. Thus, our goal of this study is to identify suitable sample for laboratory diagnosis and also microbial species that cause osteomyel

The manual nature of the classic energy meter has rendered it useless in the Internet of Things (IoT) era. It is not only a waste of time, but it is also not systematized. The traditional energy metering method is cumbersome and inefficient. A creative and essential solution is necessary to keep up with technological changes. This aligns with Malay