Background: The COVID-19 pandemic continues, and this condition has caused many cases in various countries around the world, resulting in more than 6 million deaths worldwide. Herbal medicines can act as immunomodulators, anti-inflammatories, antioxidants, antimicrobials, and others depending on the type and content of the herbs used. Previous stud

Piper betle L. var. nigra or black betel (known as Sirih hitam in Indonesia) contains valuable secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, carotenoids, steroids and terpenoids. Black betel leaf extract has been shown to have antimicrobial activity thus there is a prospect to be developed as a promising herbal p

This paper presents a Kalman filter based approach in order to solve the problem of tracking a noisy cosinusoidal signal with constant amplitude in the presence of noise. The objective is to estimate the state of the signal accurately, considering the inherent challenges posed by noise corruption. The Kalman filter is utilized as the core algorithm

Lysosome is a primary degradative organelle and is crucial in cellular homeostasis. A reduction in its function due to ageing has been associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a common neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the deposition of neurotoxic amyloid plaque in the brain and cerebral vessel walls. The breakdown

According to United Nation, water crisis could affect 5 billion people by 2050 due to climate change, increased demand and polluted supplies. The main issue of the water crisis is rapid increasing of population and rapid urbanization; the water catchment area is decreasing due to deforestation for development. The aim of the project is to address t

Diamond, which is a type of carbon material, is an attractive reinforcement material for aluminium matrix composites due to its excellent properties such as high hardness, high thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion. Diamond reinforced aluminium (diamond/Al) composite is a promising candidate material for applications of ther

Introduction: Spouse-inclusive intervention has been found effective to improve perinatal mental health, yet it was commonly delivered face-to-face, requires high commitment from spouses as well as healthcare professionals, therefore is not sustainable. While several digital applications demonstrate modest success in reducing the symptoms of depres

Traditional perspectives on industrial relations argued that the persistent competition among different entities, including workers, capitalists, bureaucrats, and authorities, with the goal of reducing operating costs while maximising financial profits. In contrast, Islamic values such as ukhuwwah (brotherhood), ‘adl (justice), and ihsan (benevol

Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are extensively utilized as affordable, renewable materials. The conventional technique for making CNFs is time-consuming, requires hazardous toxic chemicals, and consumes enormous amounts of energy. CNFs from empty fruit bunches (EFB) were produced via deep eutectic solvent (DES) and ultrasonication. The DES treatment c

INTRODUCTION: Rectoanal intussusception is an invagination of the rectal wall into the lumen of the rectum. It is very rare to present as mass protruding from the anus. METHODS: We report a case of very rare presentation of adult rectoanal intussusception. CASE REPORT A 54 years-old healthy lady with presenting complain of mass protruding from the