Recent juristic debate rages around the possibility of using zakah revenue in Islamic law of public finance to better realize its intended poverty eradication goal. At the theoretical level, both the proponents and opponents employ extensive juristic argumentations to support their points of contention. The thrust of the proponents argument is that
Electronic government or e-government has long been known as a breakthrough of a new form of communication and transaction between the government and citizens, the government and industries, and among the government agencies. Simply, e-government is meant not only to help the government to accomplish its daily administrative activities but also to
Piezoelectric tube actuators are widely used in atomic force and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) for nanoscale positioning. There has been a consistent effort to increase the scan speed of these actuators using feedback control techniques. A feedback controller requires a measurement of the scanner's deflection, which is often provided by a
This paper presents experimental implementation of a positive position feedback (PPF) control scheme for vibration and cross-coupling compensation of a piezoelectric tube scanner in a commercial atomic force microscope (AFM). The AFM is a device capable of generating images with extremely high resolutions down to the atomic level. It is also being
The atomic force microscope (AFM) is a device capable of generating topographic images of sample surfaces with extremely high resolutions down to the atomic level. It is also being used in applications that involve manipulation of matter at a nanoscale. Early AFMs were operated in open loop. As a result, they were susceptible to piezoelectric creep
Modeling of the dynamic behavior and motion are renewed interest in the improved tractive performance of an intelligent air-cushion tracked vehicle (IACTV). This paper presents a new dynamical model for the forces on the developed small scale intelligent air-cushion tracked vehicle moving over swamp peat. The air cushion system partially supports t
In recent years, an enormous increase of fuel cost and greater demand for fresh water have imposed tremendous challenges for researchers to pursue a drive towards more energy-efficient desalination technology. In the search for a more energy-efficient desalination process, the next generation plants will use a combination of membrane processes with
This research was aimed at examining the process of converting the land administration system prevalent in Penang and Malacca to the Torrens System enforce in the rest of the Peninsular Malaysian states. The introduction of the Torrens system to the states of Penang and Malacca where the English deeds system was the system of land administration, d
It is undeniable that the early Malay land tenure system is a fusion between the Islamic principles and Malay customary law. However, with the advent of the colonial administration and introduction of the English common law into the Malay states legal system, brought about the eradication of the principles of Islamic law. Thus, Islamic law at prese
