A solid state fermentation method will be carried out for the production of citric acid from empty fruit bunches (EFB) by employing the potential fungus Aspergillus niger (A106). Statistical optimization was carried out in terms of media composition and fermentation time by central composite design (CCD) to evaluate the polynomial regression model

This paper discusses the application of conventional wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) for fabrication of miniaturized components using low pulse energy. The surface finish of the fabricated microparts was investigated for different level of discharge current at constant gap voltage and pulse-on time. Miniaturized gears of 3.58 mm outside

This paper highlights the importance of providing scientific basis for traditional technologies.

This article discusses the issue of children s right to education in Malaysia in the context of being a signatory to the United Nations Declaration on Human Rights and the United Nations' Convention on the Rights of the Child. The paper begins by discussing the right to education in Islam and some current developments in the local educational s

Due to space limitation, providing space diversity at mobile stations such as handsets or personal digital assistants (PDA) is problematic in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). Recent studies, however, have shown that extraordinary diversity advantages can be obtained from a relay node in the proximity, which forwards the information from the source t

To know a characteristic of the whole blood cardiovascular system, we need to measure the blood flow respond in relation to giving exercise stress to our body. In this paper, we have developed a noninvasive device to be able to measure blood flow velocity in the carotid during physical exercise by using a Doppler ultrasound method. The purpose of t

Meydan alabildiğine, hınça hınç kalabalıktı: çocuklu gençli, kızlı kadınlı hatta oldukça yaşlı insanların da bulunduğu karman çorman bir topluluk; elbiselerinin renginden dahi belli bir yöreye sığdırılamayacak kadar sadelikten uzak, her türlü rengin üzerlerinde kendini gösteren, alıcı olmayan bir renk yumağı halinde

Yaratıcının üstün varlık olarak yaratmış olduğu insan, “mükemmel varlık”, olmanın vermiş olduğu ayrıcalığın farkında olmak, bu farkındalığın felsefi ve fizyolojik dinamiklerini zorlayarak yaşam felsefesi oluşturmak; yek düze geçen hayatın içerisinden sıyrılarak alışılmışa meydan okumak, demir parmaklıkları

كان الحرف العربي حبيس الجزيرة العربية، ومنعزل حضارياً، إلى أن بعث الله تعالى النبي الأمي صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى الناس جميعاً بشيراً ونذيراً، وأنزل عليه الكتاب الذي يهدي إلى النور والحق والذي �

This article discusses and deliberates the nature of the adversarial trial in a criminal proceeding based on both the Malaysian Criminal Procedure Code (Revised Act 593/1999) (the CPC') and its replica, ie the Syariah Criminal Procedure (State of Selangor) Enactment 2003 (the State Syariah CPC'). The Criminal Procedure Code is based on the