Although there are many techniques for the fabrication of micro-hole for Bio-MEMS and microfludic applications, characterization of high aspect ratio (depth/diameter) micro-hole is a critical issue among the researchers worldwide. The characteristics such as surface finish, vertical side wall, etc. influence the fluid flow inside the channels. This

An investigation was carried out to select the potential strain of Aspergillus niger for the production of citric acid from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) through solid state bioconversion (SSB). This study evaluated the potentiality of twenty six wild strains of Aspergillus niger which were isolated from sewage treatment plant sludge, rotten l

The equivalent circuit of MEMS capacitive switches can be used to analyze a class D power amplifier, operated by a power supply of 3.7V. The system is intended for GSM audio frequency to produce an output power of (0.5-1.0) mW at a load output impedance of (8-10) Q. The system gain must be greater than 33 dBm and the estimated loss (0.5-1) dB. A mo

Autoregressive Moving average (ARMA) is a parametric based method of signal representation. It is suitable for problems in which the signal can be modeled by explicit known source functions with a few adjustable parameters. Various methods have been suggested for the coefficients determination among which are Prony, Pade, Autocorrelation, Covarianc

The paper presents a monolithic voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) prototype designed with micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) devices. It achieves the stringent performance requirements of various wireless communication applications such as GSM cellular telephony. The VCO meets the low phase noise requirement of -136 dBc/Hz at large offset fr

In this report, the well known parametric method of signals and systems representation is extended to modeling and prediction of cracks on building and road surfaces. Also, a new algorithm based on complex value autoregressive neural network with split linear activation function for the determination of Complex-Value Autoregressive Moving average (

A planar multiband microstrip antenna is proposed in this work. The proposed antenna structure comprises a center patch antenna known as driven patch and two adjacent microstrip patches defined as wing patches. The effect of gap between driven patch and the wing patches have been studied for multiband frequency operation. The antenna is operated at

The filamentous fungal strains of Aspergillus niger O-103A, O-109A and O-114A isolated from orange were selected for the evaluation of compatible/incompatible for the production of citric acid by mixed culture. Four combinations of O-103A and O-109A; O-103A and O-114A; O-109A and O-114A; O-103A, O-109A and O-114A were used to examine their potentia

Abstract Objective: This study aims to induce surgical osteoarthritis in a sheep model by excision of the medial meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint. Methods: Osteoarthritis (OA) was induced unilaterally in the knee joint of five adult male sheep by total excision of the medial meniscus and resection of the anterior cruciate l

This paper presents the results of experimental investigations conducted on a vertical machining centre (VMC) to ascertain the effectiveness of brazed circular polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) inserts in end milling of hardened steel AISI D2 (60–62 HRC), under room temperature and workpiece preheated conditions. Comparison was made in t