In the modern world, there is an increased need for language translation. This paper presents English to Arabic approach for translating well-structured English sentences into well-structured Arabic sentences, using a grammar-based and example-translation techniques to handle the problems of ordering and agreement. This technique combines rule-base

Shape of human body is unique from one person to another. This paper presents an intelligent system approach for human identification at a distance using human body shape information. The body features used are the head, shoulder, and trunk. Image processing techniques for detection of these body features were developed in this work. Then, the feat

Various random time series used in signal processing systems are cyclostationary due to the sinusoidal carriers, pulse trains, periodic motion, or physical phenomenon. The cyclostationarity of the signal could be analysed by using the spectral correlation function (SCF). However, SCF is considered high complex due to the 2-D functionality and the r

Lipase noted as one of the most important enzymes which has widely industrial uses. Production of low cost enzyme using potential raw material will significantly enhance and attractive to the enzyme market. A local residue of palm oil mill effluent (POME) abundantly found and can be used as a basal medium for lipase production. The main objective o

The study aimed to produce lipase using abundant raw material in Malaysia employing a cost- effective method which is solid-state bioconversion (SSB). The optimization of the production was achieved with 400 U/gds which was more than 4-folds compared to the screening experiments. Characterization of the produced lipase showed promising results in t

Generally, the vehicle engine mounting system consists of an engine as the vibration source and several mounts connected to the vehicle structure. The modern engine mounting systems have been successfully used to isolate the driver and passenger from both noise and vibration generated by the engine. However, there is still a need to improve the per

Introduction: Xiang Sha Yang Wei Wan (XSYWW) is a Chinese traditional medicine that is used for gastrointestinal disorders, specifically gastric ulcer in many countries of South-East Asia. The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential effects of XSYWW on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats by means of histological Study. On a similar basis o

This paper deals with dynamics and control policies analysis of semi-active suspension systems for off-road vehicles. Three configurations of these vehicles; two-axle, three-axle and four-axle have been studied and their performances are compared. The application of several control policies of semi-active suspension system, namely skyhook; ground-h

Three dimensional multiphysics finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to investigate the static and dynamic responses of a micro-switch in harsh temperature environment. The temperature range for the analysis was from -60°C to 100°C. The investigated microswitch consists of a clamped-clamped beam actuated by a bottom electrode coated with di

A random coincidence point theorem for multifunction under the very mild conditions is established. The theorem proved here can be viewed as stochastic version of Ljubomir Ciric (Indian J. pure appl. Math., 24 (1993),145-149).International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics ———————————————————————â