The purpose of this study is to examine whether corporate governance mechanisms affect the audit process in terms of audit fees in Islamic banking institutions in Malaysia. The governance mechanisms are the characteristics of board of directors (size and independence), the characteristics of audit committee (size, expertise, independence and meetin

A semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) based linear cavity L-band dual wavelength fiber laser (DWFL) with a switchable output is proposed and its operation demonstrated. The DWFL is configured as a linear cavity, with a 1 × 24 arrayed waveguide grating together with two optical switches providing channel spacing tunability. An L-band SOA, with a

Introduction: Patients using CAPD are commonly associated with peritonitis. Peritonitis is a significant cause of morbidity, mortality and permanent transfer to haemodialysis in these patients. However, little is known about the utilization of antibiotic for the treatment of peritonitis in patients using CAPD. Objectives: This study aimed to evalua

The integrated bacterial mixed culture consortium with disproportionate oxygen demand was discovered to mutually cooperate with one single biofilm in oxidizing sulfide at different concentration. The present work was carried out to verify the potential of bacterial mixed culture (BMC) in developing a predictive optimum condition for sulfide oxidati

Flow of Casson fluid in Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium near a stagnation point over a stretching sheet with Newtonian heating effect is investigated in this paper. The boundary-layer equations are solved numerically for f"(0) and θ(0) using the Keller-box method for some values of Casson fluid parameter (β), porous media parameter (κ1), ine

The palm oil industry generates significant amounts of solid wastes. The solid wastes, also known as oil palm biomass, includes the trunk (OPT) and fronds (OPT) from the plantation, and empty fruit bunch (EFB), mesocarp fibre (MF) and palm kernel shell (PKS) from the processing mills. Oil palm biomass is not effectively recycled for other applicati

Tourism is an important component of social and economic development . It is a means of communication between peoples and their cultures, as well as a means of self - recreation and refinement, especially if the tourist destination is for religious reasons. There is no doubt that the economic importance of tourism activity and its role in achieving

Disasters, whether natural or human-made, leave a lasting impact on human lives and require mitigation measures. In the past, millions of human beings lost their lives and properties in disasters. Information and Communication Technology provides many solutions. The issue of so far developed disaster management systems is their inefficiency in sema

Muslim participation in sports activities is undoubtedly inevitable. In every segment of human life, sport is considered as a tool for bringing people together; as a mechanism to educate people, especially in educational institutions and as a platform for the socializing process. From the medical perspective, sports activities could promote physica

This study explores the influence of ta’awun (strategic cooperation and complementary) and infaq (judicious spending and savings) in sustaining the need for affordable housing among lower income earners in big cities of Malaysia. Affordable housing is no ending issue in the context of open market-economy. The study interviewed key stakeholders of