The government retirement scheme is provided primarily as a financial facility for the pensionable government officers and their dependants upon retirement. However, the question whether it is subject to the fara’i distribution after the Muslim pensioner’s death is debatable. The current position is rather confusing because of the differences o

By the International Maritime Organization regulations, foreign flagged vessels have the right to navigate waters and enter port states but the port states enjoy the power to set conditions for the accessibility of its ports. Sometimes, however, a memorandum of understanding between the state whose flag a ship is carrying and the port state is requ

The huge diversity of Malaysian flora has various chemical constituents that make them as outstanding natural product candidates for the treatment of infectious diseases. The screening practice for phytochemical compound in them is essential to explore more natural sources to replace synthetic antibiotics, which generally have side effects such as

The recent air pollution trend, as well as the factors that contribute to the air quality, were reviewed in the Klang Valley since it has undergone rapid development over the years. The overall quality of air in the Klang Valley was moderate for 66% of the days throughout the year of 2009 while only 5% of the days were classified at the unhealthy l

In common practice of education, we create learning objectives and assessment questions based on Bloom taxonomy of behavioral objectives. Bloom taxonomy has assisted teachers in transforming learning from low to high order thinking. Unfortunately, Bloom taxonomy has encountered a shortcoming of the assumption of men as merely the body and mind with

Background: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a high density lipoprotein (HDL) associated enzyme that is known for its function to hydrolyze organophosphate (OPs) into a relatively harmless substance and inhibit oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL). It is among the commonly studied biochemical markers for cardiovascular diseases. PON 1 act

Background: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a high density lipoprotein (HDL) associated enzyme that is known for its function to hydrolyze organophosphate (OPs) into a relatively harmless substance and inhibit oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL). It is among the commonly studied biochemical markers for cardiovascular diseases. PON 1 act

This paper highlights that Islam, iman and ihsan as three major concepts of the religion of Islam. They are built on each other like tiers, each one logically leading to the next. iman represents the cognitive and belief system, islam the behavioral and practical and ihsan the spiritual pinnacle or the “fruit” of the earlier two steps. Islam co

One major hurdle for research in the area of construction industrialization was to define the boundaries and establish clear basis of measurement. The terms used in construction industrialization are ill defined, often interchangeably with other terms and their precise definitions depend heavily on user's experience and understanding, which var

This objective of this book is to disseminate information related to what is access audit, why carry out an access audit, access survey and the process of implementing it in built environment specifically to our existing buildings. It also to inform the public especially professional in the building industries such architects, engineers, planners,