Knowledge based systems (also known as computer-based expert systems) can be constructed by obtaining knowledge from a human expert and transforming it into a form that a computer may use to solve engineering problems. The aim of this paper is to select the optimum material for the operation of automotive piston emphasizing on the substitution of t

A bicycle frame is a crucial part for cycling performance, efficiency, comfort, and injury prevention. This is especially true in the case of children cyclists that do not have the necessary cycling experience, balance and the fully developed musculoskeletal system of the adults. The selection of the correct materials for a particular product espec

Pengenalan Mengurus dan merancang harta adalah sangat digalakkan di dalam Islam. Di dalam sesetengah keadaan, pengurusan harta pusaka bukan lagi merupakan satu pilihan tetapi adalah satu keperluan terutama apabila wujud keadaan di mana pelaksanaan sesuatu perkara itu wajib kita tunaikan. Dalam konteks ini, Islam membenarkan kita untuk melupuskan ha

Many experiences around the globe showed that Islamic Microfinance Programs (IMP) based on Shariah and Islamic finance concept, have become more significant in creating new job opportunities and generating income for the purpose of increasing social and economic status of the poor and alleviating poverty. The integration of entrepreneurial concept,

Islamic Microfinance Program (IMP) through the utilization of zakat fund has been a significant source of capital for entrepreneurship activities among the poor Muslim’s families in Malaysia. Starting from the New Economic Plan (NEP) in 1971, the Malaysian Government has realized the importance of IMP in supporting the microenterprises activities

A spiral scanning method for high-speed Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is described in this paper. In this method, the sample is scanned in a spiral pattern instead of the conventional raster pattern. A spiral scan can be produced by applying single frequency cosine and sine signals with slowly varying amplitudes to the x axis and y axis of an AFM s

Problem statement: There is a chemical variation among different ginger cultivars detected by previous studies including the volatile and non-volatile oleo-resins. In this study we try to determine whether these variations are related to a generic factor rather than environmental or intrinsic factors. Approach: A comprehensive metabolic fingerprint

This paper describes an alternative method to the widely-used raster-scan technique for Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). In this method, the sample is scanned in a spiral pattern instead of the well established raster trajectory. A spiral pattern is produced by applying cosine and sine signals with slowly varying amplitudes to the x-axis and y-axis o

Successive extraction of the dried leaves of Melastoma malabathricum, followed by purification using repeated chromatographic techniques, yielded six compounds, including two amides, auranamide and patriscabratine, a triterpene, a-amyrin, and three flavonoids, quercitrin, quercetin and kaempferol-3-O-(200,600-di-O-p-trans-coumaroyl)-b-glucoside. Th

This paper details the design and analysis of a first-order sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter (Σ-Δ ADC) for the MEMS resistive sensors. The working principles of the MEMS resistive sensor and Σ-Δ ADC are outlined first. To verify the functionality of the first-order Σ-Δ modulator, MATLAB© is used to simulate its overall block diagram.