The concept of sharing profit earned by Islamic banks with their investors is one of the distinguishing features that set Islamic banks apart from their conventional counterparts. The contract of mudarabah is used by Islamic banks to mobilise funds with the objective to share profit with the investors. Any financial losses incurred by the banks in

We have demonstrated a passive Q-switched Thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL using samarium oxide (Sm2O3) nanomaterial as saturable absorber (SA). The Sm2O3 based SA was fabricated by simply mixing the Sm2O3 powder solution with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution. The homogeneously mixed solution was spread and dry to form a thin film. A piece of 1 mm x

One of the missions of automotive engineering is to reduce mass, vehicles components complexities, subsystems and systems without sacrificing expectations of the performance. Therefore, the development in suspension system of the vehicles invites many types of suspension system to improve the performance in stability and handling the vehicles. This

Purpose This paper aims to examine the current practice in Singapore regarding an inheritance issue: disposal of the residual net estate to the bayt al-māl, which is identified as the Islamic Religious Council of Singapore (Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura, MUIS). The issue arises when the deceased leaves farḍ (fixed-share) heir(s) and/or dhawū al-

We investigate a novel nonlinear consensus from the extreme points of doubly stochastic quadratic operators (EDSQO), based on majorization theory and Markov chains for time-varying multi-agent distributed systems. We describe a dynamic system that has a local interaction network among agents. EDSQO has been applied for distributed agent systems, on

A nonlinear consensus model is assigned to resolve the consensus problem of multi-agent systems (MAS). Other studies have constructed consensus systems based on low-complexity computation linear equations or complex nonlinear equations. Linear equations are less efficient in reaching a consensus due to their slow computation process, where nonlinea

Abstract To increase the classification, the rate of prediction based on existing 2 models requires additional technique or in this case optimizing the model. Hyper3 parameter tuning is an optimization technique that evaluates and adjusts the free 4 parameters that define the behaviour of classifiers. Data sets were classified practical 5 with clas

Plastics are the most popular material for conventional usage especially in packaging application. However, this material becomes problematic when it reaches the disposal stage. Most of them can take almost hundreds or even thousands of years to degrade. Thus, biodegradable materials, for instance polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), are the best option to

The excellent heat transfer properties of nanoparticles have potential applications in various fields including biology during the last two decades. Recently, the use of various nanoparticles in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) resulted in significant enhancement of its efficiency and specificity. In this research we have demonstrated the effects of

In this work, Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) and no-core fibre (NCF) sensors been investigated in different surrounding refractive index (SRI). FBG with 1550 nm wavelength attached with 5 cm length of NCF is used as SRI sensing probe. The sensitivity of the system was evaluated in different types of solutions which are ethylene glycol (18 % EG, 40 % EG,