Cultural differences have been one of the many factors that can cause failures in speech emotion analysis. If this cultural parameter could be regarded as noise artifacts in detecting emotion in speech, we could then extract pure emotion speech signal from the raw emotional speech. In this paper we use the amplitude spectral subtraction (ASS) metho

We have established that tricolourability would be a way of distinguishing some of knots(links) by showing that tricolorability is an ambient isotopy invariant. We have extended the notion of tricolorability to colorability of knot(link) and have shown that colorability of knot (link) is also an ambient isotopy invariant. We have shown that no knot

This paper presents a review of various multi-criteria decision analysis techniques. The focus of this research is to identify suitable techniques to be used to assign weights between different factors that influence user acceptance of software technology in the healthcare industry. Three widely known methodologies used for identifying, classifying

Unitl recently, the use of plant pigments as natural food colourantis expensive and uncompetitive to synthetic dyes due to their high production costs. Such disadvantages could be overcome with the development of microbial food grade pigments which are likely to cut down the high production cost, thus leading to a cheaper source of natural food col

In this paper the speech emotion verification using two most popular methods in speech processing and analysis based on the Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) and the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) were proposed and analyzed. In both cases, features for the speech emotion were extracted using the Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) and Short T

This paper discusses the importance and the instrumental role of witnesses in the States' of Malaysia Islamic administration of justice, particularly the Syariah Courts in Malaysia. Can a witness who refuses to attend a court hearing to give evidence after being duly summon may be compelled by a warrant of arrest to do so? Accordingly, this pap

The first impression and the main thesis of this chapter is that the Qur’an does not teach us the art of slavery; it only teaches us the art of good governance: It is a different matter though that the Muslims are busy in reversing this process. The overriding objective of Islam is to establish a just socio-moral and economic-political order in t

Motorization trend has been rising rapidly in many countries including Malaysia. But the level and trend of motorization in each country varies according to major factors such as population, size of the country, economic growth, income level, fuel cost, and public policy on vehicle ownership. The level of motorization has both positive and negative

Xanthine oxidase (XO) is an enzyme that catalyses the metabolism of hypoxanthine and xanthine into uric acid. It is responsible for the medical condition known as gout, which is caused by the deposition of uric acid in the joints leading to painful inflammation. Inhibition of XO leads to remission in gout. Carica papaya is a member of the small fam

The capability of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to adsorb lead (Pb) in aqueous solution was investigated. Batch mode adsorption experiment was conducted to determine the effects of pH, agitation speed, CNTs dosage and contact time. The removal of Pb(II) reached maximum value 85% or 83% at pH 5 or 40 mg/L of CNTs, respectively. Higher correlation coeffici