This work aims at optimizing the media constituents for citric acid production from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) as renewable resource using artificial neural network (ANN) approach. The bioconversion process was done through solid state bioconversion using Aspergillus niger. ANN model was built using MATLAB software. A 20 dataset of an earli

In the title compound, C21H24N2O3, the mean planes of the benzene ring and the benzimidazole ring system form a dihedral angle of 69.94 (7)�. The ethyl group atoms of the ethanoate fragment are disordered over two sets of sites, with refined occupancies of 0.742 (6) and 0.258 (6). In the crystal,there are weak C—H� � �N hydrogen bonds whi

A non-puerperal uterine inversion in advanced uterovaginal prolapse is a rare occurrence. Even more unusual is the presence of bladder calculi in these two conditions, which has not been documented before. We report a case of acute urinary retention secondary to severe uterovaginal prolapse associated with uterine inversion and multiple bladder cal

In a demand feeding system, the fish turn on the switch of the feeder to get feed. In order to develop a demand feeding system with an infrared light sensor to which juvenile tiger grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus visually respond, the visual acuity and visual axis of the juveniles were determined to obtain fundamental understanding of their visi

Objective: This study was performed to study the relationship between salivary IgA concentrations in normal individuals, early onset type 1 D.M patients and the oral health status. Also to correlate the salivary IgA concentration with the salivary flow rate, dental caries, gingivitis and age of diabetic patients. Materials and Method: Sixty individ

Objective: To study the natural history of disease in terms of clinical presentation and outcome in hospitalized children with confirmed dengue cases. Methods: A case series study was conducted at National Institute of Child Health (NICH), Karachi from September through November 2006. Children presented with fever and presence of at least 2 clinica

The reform movement of 1998 and the general elections in 1999 are argued by many to have brought about a shift in Malaysian political culture, which became evident in 2008 elections. Studies conducted before 1999, based on fragmentary evidence, pictured Malaysia as having a “subject” political culture. The post-2008 survey data presents a pictu

Modernity and tradition though considered to be the opposite of each other. It need not be so. In the Muslim countries, modernity and tradition supplement each other. Tradition has accommodated many modern elements and modernity has absorbed some of the principles dear to Islam.INTELLECTUAL DISCOURSE , 19, 1-13, 2011 Copyright © IIUM PressISSN 012

The major focus of past literature on Al-Maqasid was on developing the theory, and most of the discussion centered on its legal dimensions. The pioneering works emanated from scholars such as, Al-Juwayni (n.d), Al-Ghazali (1901), Al-Shatibi (n.d), Ibn ‘Ashur (1998) and Ibn Taymiyyah (al-Raysuni, 1992). Recently, the application of Al-Maqasid in v

In order to modify surface structure titanium powder was preplaced on steel surface and melted under TIG (tungsten inert gas) torch in a pure nitrogen environment which formed a resolidified layer of around 1 mm thickness. The preplaced titanium powder content was varied between 1.3 and 1.8 mg/mm2 and melting was conducted with energy inputs of 324