Swirl is the rotational flow of charge within the cylinder about its axis. CAMPRO engine is a basic Double Overhead Camshaft (DOHC) which has a capacity of 1597 cc and installed with a total of 16 valves developed by Malaysian car manufacturer PROTON. The swirl adapter is theoretically placed inside the intake port of the CAMPRO Engine Model. The A

This paper discusses the uses of non-precious metals in catalytic converters to bring down the cost without sacrificing the performance capability. Copper powder and nickel catalyst were chosen as the alternative catalysts to reduce the use of precious group metals (PGMs) platinum, palladium, and rhodium. Simulation by COMSOL has shown that Nickel

Heavy electrical load in a vehicle will consume more electrical power from the battery. Thus \vilt affect the performance of the vehicle and voltage stabilizer is created to cater this problem. This chapter shows the experimental investigation of the performance and the emission effect the vehicle using aftermarket voltage stabilizers. The experime

The need for an engine that offers a low fuel consumption and good low-end torque grown for the past few years. The European environment protection agencies have drawn d<J the emission limits annually with emerging countries has started to adopt the European legislation. OEMs world wide have strived to meet the stringent regulation that made th

Conventional modes of power besides running out are also aggravating the environment. New and renewable forms of energy are the need of the day. The abundance, inexhaustibility and non-polluting nature of the sun's energy to the earth, have made solar energy the right supplement for conventional energy sources, which are getting scarce and exha

Biodiesel is currently produced from food and non food oil sources. The process is significantly constrained by reaction kinetics and mass transfer. In the present article, preliminary investigation of the effect of reactor configuration on yield is carried out using waste cooking oil (WCO) at different reaction parameter. The Taguchi design, with

The challenges faced in production of biodiesel from edible and non-edible oils via the transesterification process are discussed. Identified process parameters such as level of FFA, moisture content, Fatty acid composition varies for both edible and non-edible oil affects product quality, as a result, the process continues to be modified using com

With the increasing number of women in the workforce, there is a need to understand how the interrelationship between emotions and the demands of work and family influence their well-being. This study examined how emotional labor [surface acting (SA) and deep acting] and work–family conflict contribute to explaining variance in burnout (emotional

Free Trade Agreements are gaining increasing popularity as trade policy instruments, especially in East Asia. The number of concluded FTAs in Asia as a group increased from only 3 in 2000 to 54 in 2009, while 40 of these agreements are currently in effect. Another 78 FTAs are currently under negotiations or proposed. Bilateral FTAs comprise 74% of

This paper gives a report of a study that investigated peoples‟ perception of online buying tickets (e-ticketing) as well as why some people use this facility while some who do not use it stick to the traditional way to fulfill their needs. In addition, factors such as what inform peoples‟ eagerness and unwillingness to use internet facilities