A plasticized polymer electrolyte system composed of PVDF-HFP, potassium iodide (KI), and equal weight of ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) has been used in a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The electrolyte with the composition 40wt. %PVDF-HFP-10wt.%KI-50wt.%(EC + PC) exhibits the highest room temperature ionic conductivity of

Changes affecting endothelial cells in the microcirculation of diabetic foot patients are important in the development of foot ulceration and subsequent failure to heal existing ulcers. Methods We studied 30 patients (10 control individuals, 10 with the neuropathic ulcer and 10 with neuroischaemic ulcer). The specimens were taken using skin punch b

Adrenal demedullation in young adult, spontaneously hypertensive rats( SHRs) results in blood pressure reduction. However, inconsistent postoperative care of demedullated animals may results in indifferent study findings. The study aims to determine whether an improved method could prevent elevation of blood pressure in young adult SHRs. Fourteen y

Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) supplementation is recommended to replace sodium loss in adrenal demedullation postoperatively . We propose that normal saline supplementation is not required postoperatively following adrenal demedullation. Twenty four young male and female SHRs weighing 200-270g and 150-170g, respectively were studied. Six were sham-oper

The right to privacy is a fundamental human right as declared in Article 12 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Article 17 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Some countries recognise this right as constitutional right of individuals. The importance of this right is also underlined with the enactment of legisla

As we all know, some universities have paid less attention to the ethics of teaching than to research ethics. This article reflect an attempt to elucidate the importance of practicing ethical principles in college and university teaching in order to developing faculty and students' commitment to ethical teaching practices at the university leve

A research was conducted on liquid state bioconversion for the production of citric acid using sewage treatment plant (STP) sludge as the main substrate with supplementation of sucrose as co-substrate. Three parameters were examined to determine the best process optimization conducted in two liter (2L) bioreactor. Two level factorial designs with t

The optimization of supplementary nutrients in the sewage sludge as a basal medium was carried out to determine the media components on the citric acid production. Two statistical designs were employed in the citric acid productions which are Plackett-Burman and central composite design (CCD). For the media screening, the two-level Plackett-Burman

Recent advances in photovoltaic technology have made materials (other than silicon) in combination attractive for the design of solar cells. Designers layer semiconductor materials with differing band gap energies to result in higher conversion efficiencies. In this work multijunction cells consist of multiple thin films produced using electrochemi

Electronic court system or e-court is one of the projects under the e-government flagships. Originally, the idea of having the e-court system was mooted in 1996 but due to economic crisis in late 1990s, the idea was finally materialised in May 2002. At present, the Malaysian courts consist of an audio recording system, verbatim recording of court c