It is a known fact that Malaysia has been ruled by a coalition of political parties demarcated along ethnic lines since independence more than 50 years ago. How has this affected democratic governance in a relatively young multi-ethnic nation? Some have argued that ethnic, religious, or linguistic politics threaten democracy as they leave room for

Hypertension is a pathological condition in which the blood pressure is higher than under normal physiological conditions, i.e., 140/90 mmHg or higher. Blood pressure is measured as the force exerted by the blood pumped by the heart against the walls of arteries (aorta) and distributed throughout the body. Use of complementary and alternative medic

Building automation systems (BAS) are an important part of modern automated buildings. This system ensures the operational performance of the facility as well as functions affecting occupant’s safety, security and health. Contemporary industrial control systems no longer operate in isolation, but use other networks (e.g., corporate networks and t

Protease is a versatile industrial enzymes that is applicable in various industries including the food sector. Eventhough most commercial proteases are from animal and microbial origin, they each carries certain limitations involving religious, ethical and dietary concerns. Therefore, the discovery of proteases from plant as an alternative source s

This research discusses life and careers of the Mongol Khan Hulagu and the Abbasid Caliph Mansur in the light of the Machiavellian leadership theory. It aims to explore whether Machiavellianism is a necessary attribute in ensuring an undisputed rule or dominion. Although Machiavelli’s advocacy of ruthlessness and deception promises a successful,

The arrival of the British intervention in the territories now known as Malaysia did not replace the territorial law which is Islamic law and custom. However, through the office of the British Residency, legislation modelled after English law was enacted and British judges who were brought to preside the new court system brought with them English c

Many strategies have been developed by occupational and physical therapists for the assessment of poststroke patients’ upper limb muscle tone and physical recovery progress. Despite, having the appropriate skills, they face serious challenges in quantifying continuously, the patients’ recovery progress. Moreover, the therapy has become more cos

Women rights movement is not new to this era; it is a series of events that has been taken place in different parts of the world throughout the centuries. With the advancement of society, the discrimination against women has been reduced to a certain degree, but the violations of their rights are still observed in some countries. They are still see

Initiation of joint investment accounts operating on a profit and loss sharing basis could be regarded as a major innovation by Islamic banks in the practice of Islamic finance. Provided as an alternative to conventional interest based accounts such as fixed deposit accounts and saving accounts, these facilitate clients to invest their surplus reso

With the advanced age, the elderly people are facing undergoing decline in their physical, mental and social aspects. Alzheimer, Dementia, and Cognitive function disorders are among the common health problems which has been experiencing by the elderly. Other than the conventional therapy, the complementary and alternative therapies are required to