Many watermarking methods have been developed with different methodological complexity levels. Each of these methods tries to reduce exposure in different attack. In this study, the ISB watermarking method was implemented based on average of block of pixels together in order to improve the watermarking method to be more resistant against attacks th

Robustness is one of the most important properties of watermarking, the watermark should be readable from images that underwent common attacks such as lossy compression or Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG). While many publications consider the relation between smoothness and quality of the images, few studies only concentrate on the relation

Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941), India’s messianic poet and Asia’s first Nobel Laureate (1913), promulgated a vision of peace through the cultivation of the ideologies of Ahimsa, or non-violence, which he derived from the Bhagavad Gita and Advita, or one-identity of the universe, which he derived from the Upanishads. This paper investigates how

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the nature of Murabahah contract in the fully grounded Islamic banking system i.e., Iran and Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach – The approach taken is descriptive. Findings – Although the main principle of Islamic financial institutions is prohibition of usury, it is surprised to see that Islamic fina

This paper discusses the unprecedented microscopic findings of micellar growth in colloidal system (CS) of catalyzed piperidinolysis of ionized phenyl salicylate (PS−).The giant vesicles (GV) was observed under the optical polarization microscope (OPM) at [NaX] = 0.1 M where X = 3-isopropC6H4O−. The conditions were rationalized from pseudo-firs

The second half of the 19th to the early 20th century witnessed the emergence of Islamic reformism as exemplified by Muhammad ‘Abduh (d.1905) and Muhammad Rashid Rida (d. 1935). These reformists urged the umma to revitalize their conditions –eliminate intellectual stagnation; to reform their morality, social life, economy and politics; and to r

In this study, mango seed fat (MSF) and its recommended blends were stored under accelerated condition. During the accelerated storage, the changes of fatty acids, total phenolic, tocopherol, and phytosterol contents, iodine, free fatty acid (FFA), and peroxide values were examined every six days. Results upon storage, palmitic and stearic acids in

A 15-year –old Malay male with congenital insensitivity to pain presented with recurrent septic arthritis of the left knee complicated by osteomylitis. Repeated arthrotomy and wound debridement was done, however, the condition was not resolved. Amputation was suggested as the best method of treatment to eradicate the infection.51 Volume 10 Number

The occurrence of atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation is fairly uncommon; however, it is more common to be encountered in the paediatric population, typically seen after a retropharyngeal inflammation or after a minor trauma. Ligamentous laxity, shallower and more horizontally oriented facet joints especially at the C1-2 joint making them prone to ha

يقدم هذا الكتاب دراسة لمرحلة مهمة من مراحل الشعر العربي في عمان، وهي مرحلة الدولة البوسعيدية التي بدأت في عمان فعليا عام ) 1162 ه/ 1748 م(، متوقفا في دراسته عند منتصف القرن 13 ه، منتصف القرن 19 م ) 1266 ه/ 1