A content analysis of the Qur’an shows that it lays utmost importance on the realization of justice and conversely the eradication of injustice in society. A historical analysis found that social justice was prevalent in Mecca under the leadership of Prophet Muhammad and was also practiced during the period of the first four rightly guided caliph

The Malaysian electoral behaviour has for some time reflected the ‘partisan identification’ thesis. Since 1999, however, there has been a marked shift towards ‘secular dealignment’. Analyses of electoral and survey data reveal that although a significant number of Malaysian voters remained attached to the party they identified with, most of

The Islamic or Muslim civilisation was once at an incomparable peak in terms of all possible indicators of development. But a destruction of the spirit of inquiry and original research so distinctly associated with civilisational development served to sow the seeds of decay and render it easy prey for colonial exploitation. Confronted with a world

Carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) is a composite which has the best strength to weight ratio among the construction materials. It becomes valuable as the demand for this composite has increased dramatically especially in automobile and aerospace industry. The need in these industries such as light weight, but retain high strength, make CFRP be

Respect for a person’s autonomy is to acknowledge that every person has a right to make choices and able to act according to his own personal values and beliefs. Thus, every adult of sound mind has a right to make his own healthcare decisions without external interference, particularly when such decisions affect his religious beliefs and cultural

Early detection of visual symptoms in pterygium patients is crucial as the progression of the disease can cause visual disruption and contribute to visual impairment. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and corneal astigmatism influence the degree of visual impairment due to direct invasion of fibrovascular tissue into the cornea. However, there we

Participating in co-curricular activities (CCAs) can benefit students in a number of ways and help to shape them into a well-rounded individual and seem more student-centered than the regular classes. Likewise in a sense, co-curricular activities prepare students to practice for the future opportunities in case of working in team, to exercise leade

Ultra wideband (UWB) chipless RFID tag of microwave band is used to study the location of an object. Two microwave antennas for narrow bandwidth beam used for scanning purpose. The antennas are mounted on two digital stepper motor driven systems. The location of the tagged object is measured from the angular position of the antennas. A squire space

E very year all over the world many lives and properties are lost due to many geological catastrophes like, landslide or landslip. Manual and electronic monitoring systems are used for predicting the landslide. The m anual monitoring syst em is laborious and not practical. And most of the electronic systems are complex and expensive. A wireless sen

Scour is the erosion of stream bed or bank material from bridge foundations due to flowing of water. Data logging from sens or and electronic communication systems can mo nitor scour in real - time to ensu re the integrity of bridge structure. A number of parameters are associated with scour, thus different types of sensor are required to measure t