What is liberalism? In what ways does liberalism differ from conservatism? These are important and interesting questions, worthy of further discussions. This paper addressed the first question; it described liberalism as a secular worldview in two sections. Section one delineated the meaning, history and objective of liberalism. Section two provide

One of the main problems with symmetric encryption is key distribution especially when involving large number of users i.e to generate identical keys at different locations. To address this challenge, we proposed a novel algorithm of secret key infusion protocol (SKIP) to generate an identical secret key. While, the key is generated based on a prov

In this work, the effect of single and double air inlets on swirling flow in a reactor of fluidized bed gasifier was studied numerically. The reactor diameter (D) was 20 cm, and the reactor length was 7.5D. The geometry of the reactor bottom was conical. In order to generate swirling flow in the reactor, the air inlet pipe with inner diameter of 46

Objective: To investigate the total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity of Syzygium cumini grown in Wonosobo, Central Java, Indonesia. The findings will be used to compare similarities and differences with other current findings for Syzygium cumini leaves and Syzygium polyanthum leaves. Methods: Syzygium cumini was extracted usi

We demonstrate a broad bandwidth multiwavelength laser based on a bidirectional Lyot filter and a semiconductor optical amplifier with a mechanism of intensity-dependent loss as the flatness agent. A wide bandwidth of a multiwavelength spectrum of 32.9 nm within a 5 dB uniformity is obtained under optimized polarization parameters. For this case, t

Solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) of three dimensional steady state heat conduction and its error analysis are elaborated in the present paper by using a Trilinear Galerkin Finite Element method (TGFEM). An eight-node hexahedron element model is developed for the TGFEM based on a trilinear basis function where physical domain is mes

Plant has antimicrobial properties as the extract is used in food industry, pharmaceuticals and alternative medicine. The aims of this study were to isolate metabolites from Quercus infectoria galls and to determine the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of extracts and isolated compounds. The galls were extracted using soxhlet apparatus with

This research studies the ethics of dialogue and communication with others as embodied in the Qur’Én based on exegesis written by contemporary exegetes. It concentrates on verses which highlight the most appropriate manner to deal with others. The ethics of dialogue and communication comprises the whole aspect of sociological context which could

This paper examines the perception of Muslim teachers and students of the values embedded in the English textbooks at the Secondary level of the International Islamic School Malaysia (IISMS). The effect of these values on the students’ vision of an Islamic identity are also analyzed. IISMS offers IGCSE curriculum and uses textbooks written and pu

This paper examines the perception of Muslim teachers and students of the values embedded in the English textbooks at the Secondary level of the International Islamic School Malaysia (IISMS). The effect of these values on the students’ vision of an Islamic identity are also analyzed. IISMS offers IGCSE curriculum and uses textbooks written and pu