An all-optical generation of a millimeter wave carrier from a multiwavelength Brillouin-erbium fiber laser is presented. Four-channel output with spacing of about 21.5 GHz is generated from the fiber laser by controlling the gain in the cavity. A dual-wavelength signal with spacing correspondent to six orders of Brillouin frequency shift is obtaine

Within the rapid development of the recent computer-based applications; software quality becomes one of the critical issues to be considered. Software development is complex, costly, widely used, and a core (heart) for critical and risky applications that have great affect on human life. Software testing is an essential issue in software quality. T

Binding energy of the ground state, energy levels and the B(E2) values of both positive and negative parities for 202,204Au, 202-206Hg, 202-206Tl and 202-206Pb isotopes have been calculated through shell model calculations using the shell model code OXBASH for Windows employing the Modified Kuo-Herling interaction (khhe) for neutron and proton hole

The Malaysian Federal Constitution provides for fundamental liberties. However, taking into account that the Constitution was proclaimed in the environment where there was communist insurgencies and a nascent pluralist society, the fundamental liberties were laden with exceptions including on security and public order. The challenge for the constit

Fundamental liberties under the Malaysian Federal Constitution which came into being in year 1957 shares similarities with human rights contain in the international instruments. One might even say that the constitutional rights are influenced by an earlier international document namely the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948. The constructio

The impact of globalization on the well-being of the economy has been widely documented in the literature. Noticeably absent is empirical evidence on the impact of globalization on financial sector’s net-interest margins (NIMs). This limitation is somewhat surprising, given the fact that the financial sector remains the most important channel for

The performance of the banking sector is a subject that has received academic and policymaker attention in recent years. The rapid pace of the financial sector liberalization further accentuates policymakers’ interest in the topic. To date, studies examining the performance of the Asian banking sectors are numerous. However, these studies have ma

In the mid-1990s, East Asian countries have experienced severe fi nancial crisis that were followed by deep economic downturns. A variety of methodologies have been used to explain the Asian fi nancial crisis. However, the impact of the Asian fi nancial crisis of 1997 on the efficiency of the banking sector has not been studied yet. The present art

The impact of economic freedom on the well being of the economy has been widely documented in the literature. Noticeably absent is empirical evidence on the influence of economic freedom on cost of financial intermediation. This limitation is somewhat surprising given the fact that the banking sector remains the most important channel for savings a

The paper provides for the first time empirical evidence on the impact of economic globalization on the performance of banks operating in the Chinese banking sector. The empirical findings from this study suggest that the well capitalized banks tend to be more profitable, while expense preference behavior exerts negative impact on bank profitabilit