Low handoff latency and minimum packet loss are envisioned important factors for the next generation Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) based heterogeneous networks. To meet these constraints IEEE 802.21-Media Independent Handover (MIH) was introduced to enhance the Quality of Service (QoS) of the networks. The MIH provides link layer information to the network l

The number of wireless applications, services and devices such as mobile telephone handsets, laptops and personal digital assistant (PDAs) are growing rapidly. The next generation wireless technology systems are being devised with the vision of heterogeneity where a mobile user will be connected with multiple wireless networks like GPRS/UMTS, IEEE

The need of modern man requires more practical answer from religious perspective to support them in facing rapid changes and high demands of life. The issue of human will which is the most important and fundamental foundation to the concept of responsibility and morality is still open to discussion and debate. This paper aims at exploring the view

Students’ ability to perform successfully in the content area is often correlated with their ability to read and comprehend texts. However, the time spent on reading is often limited to a dedicated learning environment. To ensure that reading can be done regardless of time and space, mobile learning or MLearning through its mobile technologies su

Language teachers at all levels are being encouraged to integrate technology into teaching. Yet each has his/her own story to tell where implementation is concerned. This paper attempts to capture the experience of teachers in two different settings with regard to technology integration in language teaching. It focuses on language teachers teaching

إن المرأة هي اللّبنة الأولى في الأسرة؛ وهي الأم الحانية على أولادها وزوجها، الراعية لشؤونهم، والمزودة للمجتمع بالرجال والنساء المصلحين له، وبدونها تتعطل حركة الحياة داخل الأسرة وخارجها؛ وقد

The Malaysian government has adopted the Build Operate Transfer (BOT) project contractual arrangement for developing public infrastructure projects like highways and railways. In an effort to balance the economic and social needs of the community, the government has introduced a policy and legal framework to address the issue. The aim of this artic

Build Operate Transfer (BOT) is a kind of legal mechanism of privatisation. It is a business venture between the government and the concessionaire, with the ownership of the project asset transferred to the government at the end of the concession period. In Malaysia, a decade after the beginning of privatisation was marked by the emergence of capit

The effect of tradeliberalization on the environment can be directly linked to energy consumption, because energy consumption and production are the underlying cause of most pollutants that harm the environment. The descriptive statistics show that average annual growth of energy consumption per capita after tradeliberalization varies among countri

In this study, the use of differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) heating thermograms was investigated to detect the presence of lard (LD), beef tallow (BT), and chicken fat (CF) as contaminants in sunflower oil. Sunflower oil samples spiked separately with LD, BT, and CF in levels ranging from 1 to 20% (w/w) were analyzed using high performance l