The work aimed to develop surfaces that could resist wear at high temperatures, thus achieving a prolonged component life. Surface modification of a low-alloy steel by incorporating TiC particles has been undertaken by melting the surface using a tungsten inert gas torch. The dry sliding wear behaviour at 600°C of the original and modified surface

تحاول هذه الدراسة فتح بابٍ جديدٍ من أبواب دراسة الأحاديث الـمُشكِلة، وذلك من خلال تحكيم مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية، الضرورية، القطعية. وبيان ضرورة أخذ هذا الميزان بعين الاعتبار من قبل العلماء و�

This book deals with the issue of learning Arabic morphology by using multimedia via the World Wide Web as it seeks to help students to learn through the design of a computer-assisted programme. Among the factors related to this study include the difficulties faced by many non-native Arabic language learners in learning Arab morphology, including a

Genetic homogeneity is known to be the most important prerequisite in the micropropagation of Jatropha curcas L. to produce true-to-type plants. The detection of genetic homogeneity in clonal micropropagation for elite plants at an early stage is required, to avoid any increase in variation in the next stage of micropropagation. The genetic homogen

In many writings and works on Islam and Muslims, the phrase ‘Islamic perspective’ is used quite frequently to indicate that the view put forward or expressed on an issue or topic represents or is based on Islamic teachings. In various literatures, the phrase ‘Islamic perspective’ has been employed in both singular and plural forms. What doe

Retakāful is an important financial tool through which takāful operators pay an agreed amount from takāful fund to the retakāful operators in order to get protection against loss or unexpected risk. Retakāful is an alternative for takāful operators to reinsure their risk. Some of the concepts and practices in reinsurance are relevant and acce

This paper deciphers the application of the philosophy of the Maqasid al-shari’ah (Objectives of Islamic Law) in the built environment. Being seen as a result of human minds and acts towards the environment for the purpose of human needs, wants and values, the built environment is very much related to the Islamic theory of man as vicegerent (khal

تتناول هذه الدراسة قضية تعلم الصرف العربي باستخدام الوسائط المتعددة عبر الشبكة العالمية التي تساعد الدارسين في تعلمه. ومن أهداف هذا البحث هي الكشف عن الصعوبات التي يواجهها الطلبة في دراسة الص

3D imaging technologies have undergone massive revolution in recent years. Despite this rapid development, documentation of 3D cultural assets in Malaysia is still very much reliant upon conventional techniques such as measured drawings and manual photogrammetry. There is very little progress towards exploring new methods or advanced technologies t

Mining frequent itemsets from large dataset has a major drawback in which the explosive number of itemsets requires additional mining process which might filter the interesting ones. Therefore, as the solution, the concept of closed frequent itemset was introduced that is lossless and condensed representation of all the frequent itemsets and their