Robotic arm plotter was widely used as a drawing tool in the world of art. The robot used two degree of freedom in order to achieve the movement to the specific angle and coordinates. The forward kinematics of the robot has been solved by Denavit-Hartenberg representation while the inverse kinematics was solved by analytic method. User interface ap

The polymer optical fiber (POF) is mostly suitable for house held optical switches because of its large core diameter. A high performance optical switch building process is described in this paper. In order to achieve high performance switching and low data loss, we examine different technique while building different parts. Furthermore, we show th

The aim of this paper is to examine the education problems in Africa which include lack of proper schooling facilities and educators, emigration, military and conflict. Special reference is given to the most important problem that is educational systems of countries that do not serve the needs of today graduated students and make them not competiti

As applied to differential geometry it provides a method to describe differential algebraic $H$-invariants of paths by the use of algebraic $H$-invariants, where $H$ is any subgroup of the affine group. It is shown also that a generating system of differential $H$-invariants of curves can be derived from given system of differential $H$-invariants

Three structurally distinct forms of phosphoglycerate mutase from the trypanosomatid parasite Leishmania mexicana were isolated by standard procedures of bacterial expression and purification. Analytical size-exclusion chromatography coupled to a multi-angle scattering detector detected two monomeric forms of differing hydrodynamic radii, as well a

The work aims to study the performance of suspension systems for off-road vehicles. Three type of suspensions-passive, hybrid semi-active and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) active suspension systems are presented using half-car model. These systems are compared in terms of ride quality, handling, road holding and ability to support vehicle static

Use of Online Social Networking Sites (OSNs) has become ubiquitous nowadays. In the era of a million user social networking sites throughout the world, it becomes increasingly difficult for people to control what they are exposing to whom. In this paper we analyze the influence of social media interactivity features on the exposure of personal data

This research introduces a virtual interface between Windows 7 and LINUX Fedora 16 based on Virtual Machine ware (VMware) for real-time Malaysian Sign Language (MSL) translation into text and/or voice (in English). The developed method is based on HTK, Gt2k under LINUX Fedora 16 and VC++ 2010 and OpenCV pre 1.1 library under Windows7. The communica

Fabricating electrostatic micro actuator, such as comb-drive actuator, is one of the demanding areas of the MEMS technology because of the promising applications in modern engineering, such as, micro-switches, attenuators, filters, micro-lenses, optical waveguide couplers, modulation, interferometer, dynamic focus mirror, and chopper. For the fabri

Throughout the technological advancements, electronic devices are getting high dense and less expensive in day by bay. Thus, significantly reducing the production cost is the vital issue in order to produce more competitive device with maintaining its standard in all expect. Therefore, introducing new compact contact in high-Hertz stress with low n