Robots in a group can solve problems in fundamentally different ways than individuals while achieving higher levels of performance, however, programming and coordination of a group of robots poses big challenge. This paper addresses the problem of mobile robots executing complex group behaviors in an attempt to form collaborative group behavior of

This work attempts to design and implement in hardware a transducer with a nonlinear response using potentiometer. Potentiometer is regarded as a linear transducer, while a the response of a nonlinear transducer can be treated as a concatenation of linear segments made out of the response curve of an actual nonlinear transducer at the points of inf

Shoot formation of garlic (Allium sativum L.) tissue culture was studied in Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Gamborg's basal medium (B5) which are supplemented with a different combination of growth hormones namely 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP) and a-Naphtaleneacetic acid (\)AA) with and w'ithout cold pretreatments A stem-disc of shoot tips \vas u

Nitrate and phosphorus in wastewater contribute to health and environmental threats as they are linked to illnesses as well as ecosystem disruption via algal blooms in contaminated water bodies. Based on above perspectives a comparative study was conducted on three local freshwater microalgae:Chlorella vulgaris, Spirulina platensis and Scenedesmus

The aim of this study was to examine the phytoplankton patchiness, as expressed by community composition and their diversity during the monsoon and Non-monsoon seasons along the Pahang estuary, Malaysia during 2008. Three zones in the estuary were sampled on both the seasons covering both upstream and downstream of the estuary. Among the identified

This paper aims to discuss technology integration in learning The Arabic language at primary school level. The paper also explores the process of development an online Arabic courseware. There are a lot of useful software in developing online courseware. This paper is focusing on the development Arabic online courseware using iSpring. The paper exp

الملخص إن معظم دراسات تطور اللغة العربية بصورة عامة تركّز على تطوير قواعد اللغة العربية والقنوات التي اعتمد عليها نظامها سواء إن كانت اللغة العربية خاضعة للتأثيرات الخارجية الكبيرة أم لا. وفي

Spices are used in food around the world with a view to enhance the flavor/aroma of dietary preparations. Apart from this aspect spices are also used in herbal medicines practice/treatment. Therefore, spices have been studied extensively in relation to their effectiveness in the prevention/control of certain disease conditions. Numerous studies hav

The leaves of Coleus amboinicus from Indonesia (CAL-I) and from Malaysia, Coleus aromaticus (CAT-M), Pogostemon cablin (PC-M), Coleus blumei–red leaves (CBR-M), Coleus amboinicus– (CAL-M) Coleus blumei –purple leaves (CBP-M) were collected from different localities, freeze dried and extracted with aqueous methanol. The biological activity in

Fasting is performed in different communities with different believes and for the management of body weight but in Islam the Muslim observes fasting in the Holy Month of Ramadan as an obligation. Therefore, this study was designed to know the effect of fasting on the obesity factors for example body weight, serum adiponectin, serum lipids and body