Maxillary hypoplasia resulting in skeletal class III malocclusion is high among patients with cleft lip and palate (25%)1. treatment is usually with Le Fort I advancement with/with out mandibular setback . the stability of maxillary advancement with Le Fort I surgery is unpredictable and is known for high percentage of relapse (4-40%).2,3 Therefore

Text recognition is one of the most interesting subjects in language recognition. It was investigated and studied by several researchers who worked on characters in general that might by handwritten or typewritten. These researchers tried to cover diverse areas in this subject by discussing, analyzing, comparing and implementing algorithms for each

Text refers to presentation of information aimed for establishing a communication between a writer and a reader. It is the most widely used and flexible means of communication. Text and symbols are the first way communication in the history of human civilization. It begins with meaningful marks which were scraped onto mud tablets and left to harden

Efficient watermarking techniques guarantee inaudibility and robustness against signal degradation. Spread spectrum watermarking technique makes it harder for unauthorized adversary to detect the position of the embedded watermark in the carrier file, because the watermark bits are spread in the carrier medium. Unfortunately, there is a high possib

Glycine max (L.) Merrill (vegetable soybean) is an important vegetable mainly among Asian community. It is grown as an edible version since it has better tasting assorted with its relatively higher protein and lower oil contents. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypic characteristics of fifteen varieties of Glycine max (L.) Merrill

Organisational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) is a discretionary behaviour that benefits organisations and their members. Even though OCB has been broadly researched over the years in the US, the measurement of OCB has received rather limited deliberation particularly in Asian contexts like Malaysia. This study tests the adequacy of the OCB measuremen

Glycine max (L.) Merrill (vegetable soybean) is an important vegetable mainly among the Asian community. It is mainly consumed by human as a highly nutritious and savory snack. Instead of having a relatively higher protein and lower oil contents, it is also has a sweet and better tasting. Thus, this study aims to investigate the phenotypic characte

Available records show that over 80% of the patient suffering from diabetes die from heart or blood diseases. Total cure for the diabetes is currently not available. In this paper, we proposed diabetes classifier based on the cuckoo search algorithm (CS) and Neural Network (NN). The weights and bias of the NN was trained using the CS to deviate fro

The fracture performance of cracked structures is dominated by singular stress in the crack tip vicinity. In fracture mechanics, most interest is focussed on stress intensity factors, which describe the singular stress field ahead of a crack tip and govern fracture of structures when a critical stress intensity factor is reached. In the present wor

In this study, we compare the quality differences between commercial broilers and indigenous chicken muscle by using proteomics approach. Six differentially expressed between both samples were successfully identified in 2D-PAGE. Two of the proteins are enzymes involved in glycolysis (alpha-enolase and pyruvate kinase), two proteins are involved in