This paper presents a method or technique that identifies physical intrusion detection in an indoor environment that is based on received signal strength indicator (RSSI) on radio frequency identification. The objective of this paper is two folds. Firstly, is to characterize the signal behavior in an indoor environment using statistical measures. S

The continued growth of the world construction sectors has resulted in high demand for concrete materials. The innovation of using filler as a replacement for cement is becoming a trend in order to reduce the cement consumption and provide benefit in various ways. Hence forth, 10% of cement was replaced by the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in this stud

Abstract. Concrete is a common material that widely used in construction industry. Excessive usage of this material causes exhaustibility to its components, especially fine aggregate or sand. In this regard, the use of manufactured sand is considered as a part of the solutions to fix this problem as it is readily available. In this research, the ma

Abstract. Conventional concrete does not have durability and higher strength as produced by high performance concrete (HPC). It is known that the HPC possess the following three properties which are high workability, high strength, and durability. The introduction of polycarboxylate ether (PCE) superplasticizer was proved to enhance the workability

Renewable resources can create a platform to substitute petroleum-based polymers through innovative bio-based polymers. Poly(lactic) acid (PLA) is the most reliable biodegradable polymer that can be substitute for the application of petrochemical-polymer. Suitable biodegradable plasticizer was studied to examine the effect of the incorporation of p

People acknowledge the effort of Modern science in bringing cosmos into reality. The research made in space has made what was once considered impossible possible and has opened the cosmos wide for further investigations and discoveries. Modern western empirical science has surely been the most impressive intellectual development since the 16th cent

Islam is considered to be the only complete code of life available for the whole human kind on this planet. It comprises principles and rulings for all aspects of this worldly life and life hereafter, which are combinedly called SharÊÑah or Islamic Shari`ah. The Law Giver, i.e. Allah (SWT) did not provide these principles and rulings of the Shari

Islamic banking and finance differs from conventional banking and finance in that it follows the rules of Sharī‘ah. In order to ensure that Islamic banking and finance follows the Sharī‘ah rulings, it is essential for it to have a Sharī‘ah supervisory board. An important duty of this board is to determine that the products, services, polic

Processed food is widespread phenomenon all over the world. Some of these foods are ready to be eaten immediately after purchasing, while others need to be cooked before eating them. In order to make higher profits, companies and suppliers of these foods sometimes do not follow the proper production methods, or use unhealthy ingredients, or do not

In this work, the combined effect of moisture and temperature on the bending behavior of simply supported anisotropic cylindrical shells has been investigated. Initially three dimensional equilibrium equations of thermoelasticity, simplified to the case of generalized plane strain deformations in the axial direction are solved analytically for an a