Non-Arabic students are increasingly depending on e-learning programs. Readability of e-learning programs text has been shown to be influenced by a number of typographical variables including text type and size, screen line length, white space, etc. therefore, it is very important to improve the reading efficiency and satisfaction. Combination of i

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a critical constituent used to measure the strength of organic pollution in water. Although new methodologies for organic quantification such as the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Organic Carbon (TOC) tests and respirometry methodology have been introduced, the BOD method for determining organic strength is s

This paper examines from agency perspective how internal audit experience, audit committee attributes, risk management and control systems influence internal audit contribution to strategic management. The study analysed data collected from 117 head of internal audit function in public listed companies on Bursa Malaysia. Internal audit experience,

Present paper intends to provide a detailed description of a new bio-inspired Metaheuristic Algorithm. Based on the detailed study of the Drosophila, the flowchart behaviour for the algorithm, code implementation, methodologies and simulation analysis, a novel Fly Optimization Algorithm (FOA) approach is presented. The optimal simulation parameters

Over the last few decades businesses have witness a shift from transaction to a closer relationship management orientation. Marketing scholars have reported a shift of business orientations from products, to sales and finally to marketing. Thus, an extant of literature has reported that marketing orientation was to replace sales orientation. Howeve

Programming based subjects are perceived by many students as one of the most difficult subjects. Other than non computer science students who felt the pinch on this difficult subject, those from computer and engineering programme have similar experience too. In the social sciences such as, in the accounting programme, designing an accounting databa

The utilization of lignocellulosic materials for bioethanol production such as empty fruit bunches (EFB) from palm oil plant attract increasing attention as an abundantly available and cheap renewable residue especially in Malaysia where palm oil production is the major agricultural industry. The most challenging part in conversion of lignocellulos

The global shortage of fossil fuels and environmental concerns to reduce pollution has resuscitated the interest in bioethanol production. Bioethanol is a promising alternative energy source that can be produced from renewable resources through hydrolysis and sugar fermentation processes. Its current production mainly involves fermentation of grain

This study was conducted to investigate the potential of marine actinomycetes isolated from Malaysian waters as producers of biologically active compounds. Streptomyces sp. UKMCC_PT7 was isolated from seawater collected in Pulau Tinggi, Johor. This bacterium was found to produce yellow diffusible pigment when growing on ISP3 medium. Preliminary scr

Programming based subjects are perceived by many students as one of the most difficult subjects. Other than non computer science students who felt the pinch on this difficult subject, those from computer and engineering programme have similar experience too. In the social sciences such as, in the accounting programme, designing an accounting databa