Noise pollution is among the most prominent environmental problems encountered in every aspect of daily life. This paper investigates the effects of road hump on the noise level and speed of vehicle specifically on a major road in International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). Spot speed and noise level was collected by selecting two road humps

Acanthamoeba, a free-living amoeba (FLA) which is abundant in a wide range of the environmental conditions including water, soil and air. Since Acanthamoeba is opportunistic pathogen, some of its species are found to be responsible for serious human diseases. Cysts and trophozoites of Acanthamoeba may be deposited in air ventilation systems with ma

This study examines the performance of Pakatan Rakyat (PR) component political par-ties (i.e. PKR, PAS and DAP) in the 2011 Sarawak state elections. The 2011 Sarawak state elections was held in April 2011 and it was a tense battle between the ruling BN and the new comer opposition Pakatan Rakyat. The book is based on the assumption that there is a

Electrical stimulation (ES) and also known as neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) involves the use of electrical current to stimulate the nerves or nerve endings that innervate muscle beneath the skin. Electrical stimulation may be applied superficially on the skin (transcutaneously) or direct

The concept of One Health (OH) emphasizes on how the involvement of multidisciplinary careers can be jointly approached to ensure the safety and health of humans and animals, as well as to maintain the environmental sustainability. Towards the end of this study, the authors demonstrated how the manipulation of bioactive compound namely nerolidol or

This book investigates the differences in quality between learners’ email-based writing and conventional writing over time. It also looks at the features of email-based writing as well as learners’ perceptions towards email-based writing. Email is an extension mode of writing in line with current educational developments and it should be made k

This paper reviews reported studies on the hydrolysis of starch especially sago via acid and enzyme. The review begins with overview of sago palm and the starch industry, followed by process of extracting the starch from sago pith. Physicochemical properties of sago starch were tabulated for better understanding of hydrolysis process. Factors or pr

The quality of cultural resources in influencing the distinctiveness of a place is rooted in its tangible and intangible features or collectively known as character-defining elements. While it is undeniable that a place is noticeable and regarded as meaningful due to its cultural heritage values, it is important to know where these significances li

The resistance of antiparasitic drugs against zoonotic trypanosomiasis or Surra disease demanded the alternative treatment towards both infected human and animals as the priority focused nowadays. In this study, antiparasitic effects of Allium sativum (garlic) aqueous extract was compared with anti-trypanosomal drug berenil, on the growth and survi

Cassava or tapioca leaves and stems are all year product that is far under researched and underutilized. It was reported that the leave contain essential minerals and nitrogen sources required by microorganisms such as yeast and other fermenting microbes for growth. In this study, cassava leave and stem were hydrolyzed using diluted acid concentrat