This paper presents a prelude, an overview that sheds light on the theoretical underpinnings and historical development of the concept of maqāṣid al-Sharīʽah in the context of Islamic legal theory (ʽilm uṣūl al-fiqh) which touches on methodological and epistemological issues. The bulk of this essay then undertakes a relatively detailed ana

The Aquilaria malaccensis species of the genus Aquilaria is an abundant source of agarwood resin and many bioactive phytochemicals. Recent data regarding the chemical constituents and biological activities of Aquilaria leaves led us to attempt to qualitatively profile the metabolites of Aquilaria malaccensis leaves from a healthy, noninoculated tre

South-East Asians who went to fight in Iraq and Syria are beginning to return home. Some 800 to 1,400 Indonesians and 100 Malaysians travelled to the Middle East to join the Islamic State (IS) or other groups and a smattering of others from South-East Asian states went too. The number of those who will return home is unknown, and not all will pose

Albeit the international humanitarian law (IHL) set principles and rules for the protection of civilians and civilian objects such as the rules of ‘distinction’, ‘humanity’ and ‘proportionality’ in time of armed conflicts; it is undeniable fact that civilians have always been the major victims of all kinds of wars across the world. Acco

The purpose of this paper is to prove that undergraduates have the capacity to be engaged in conducting empirical research and generating knowledge. It discusses the outcomes of a recent research training programme offered to undergraduates at the International Islamic University Malaysia. The training programme was organized and conducted by the D

قاعدة الشريعة العامة أن المال لا يلد المال، وأن الربح والزيادة مرتبطان بالإنتاج أو التجارة عن طريق المرابحة أو المضاربة أو المشاركة ونحو ذلك مما يعتمده الاقتصاد الإسلامي بما يمكن تسميته الاق�

In some complex conflicts, the parties are so mistrustfully at loggerhead with each other that without ‘conflict mediation’ or ‘shuttle diplomacy’ direct communication between them would be difficult, though not impossible. This was the nature of the conflict in Afghanistan before US started her ‘shuttle diplomacy’ that lead to the rece

تهدف الورقة إلى تسليط الضوء على إمكانية تصميم مستقبلي لكتاب اللغة العربية للطالب المتعلم للغة العربية كلغة أجنبية في منطقة جنوب شرق آسيا، خاصة في ضوء نظرية ما وراء المعرفة، كإحدى النظريات الت

Skyline queries rely on the notion of Pareto dominance, �lter the data items by keeping only those data items that are the best, most preferred, also known as skylines, from a database to meet the user's preferences. Skyline query has been studied extensively and a significant number of skyline algorithms have been proposed, mostly attempt to

In this paper, a new technique has been proposed to solve the trade off common problem in hill climbing search algorithm (HCS) to reach maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The main aim of the new technique is to increase the power efficiency for the wind energy conversion system (WECS). The proposed technique has been combined the three-mode algor