Serial robots, Snake or, Worm robots, Tentacle robots or continuum robots are known as hyperredundant robots and possess very large degrees of kinematics redundancy. Inverse kinematics of hyper-redundant robots can have infinite number of solutions, which is a great challenge against position control of such robots. Various techniques have so far b

يتطرَّق هذا البحث إلى برنامج تدريب معلِّمي اللغة العربية أثناء الخدمة بالمعاهد الدينية الإسلامية بولاية ملاكا. وقد اشتمل هذا البحث على قسمين: في القسم الأول رسمت الباحثة إطاراً نظرياً للدراس�

Early twentieth-century Malay Peninsula witnessed the emergence of Islamic reform movements. The Malay reformists who were discontented with the socio-economic and political conditions of the Malays criticised the Malay elites and called for “reformation” of their society. The Malay reformists derived inspirations for their reformist ideology f

Experiencing places is an integral process in tourism. The outcome of the experience will either have a longlasting impact on the tourists or just merely a short-term impression of the place visited. Studies on tourist experience have been widely discussed to better understand the diverse processes and variables involved in creating a positive tour

The cointegration technique is used to examine the long-run and short-run relationships between the real Malaysian trade balance with the real exchange rate, domestic and world incomes. The results suggest that a real ringgit exchange rate depreciation improves the trade balance in the long run. World and domestic incomes are also found to be impor

This study aims to examine the effectiveness and the practicality of the “key word method” in teaching and learning Arabic as a foreign language within the Malaysian secondary school curriculum. The method is designed to overcome the challenges of learning Arabic, so that they become motivated in achieving their learning target and become innov

This paper analyzes the performance of Malaysian bilateral exports to its major importing countries: the United States, Japan, and Singapore and then investigates whether the export performance could be improved through depreciation or devaluation of domestic currency using cointegration technique and VECM. The cointegration test suggests that real

A ZnTe/polymer junction has been fabricated and the photovoltaic properties studied. The polymer is a blend of 50 wt% chitosan and 50 wt% polyethylene oxide (PEO). The polymer blend was complexed with ammonium iodide (NH4I) and some iodine crystals were added to the polymer-NH4I solution to provide the I-/I3- redox couple. The ionic conductivity of

The early decades of the twentieth century witnessed the emergence of the salafi-inspired reform movements in various parts of Southeast Asia. Kiyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan and Muhammadiyah movement led such reform in Java whereas a group of refomlists, spearheaded by Haji Rasu!. Haji Abdullah Ahmad, and Shaykh Jamil Jambik carried out similar reform in

The author starts with a look on the current situation between America and the Muslim World, that "has been exploited by extremists in both camps endangering world peace in the first decade of the 21st century." Then he justifies the major reasons behind his research: "The peace loving majorities in both the west and the Muslim world wa