Background: Myopia is a significant public health concern associated with ocular pathologies like retinal detachment and glaucoma. Accurate measurement of axial length (AL) is crucial in myopia management. The Topcon Aladdin HW3.0 biometer is considered a gold standard, while the Axial Length Estimator (ALE) provides a cost-effective formula-based

The Hajj pilgrimage, the world's largest annual mass gathering, poses significant challenges in crowd management and pedestrian movement due to the sheer number of participants and logistical complexities. This study emphasizes the need for effective strategies to ensure the safety of millions of pilgrims in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. By reviewing li

The availability of clean water, a critical natural resource essential for supporting diverse ecosystems, is increasingly threatened by sediment accumulation, which negatively impacts rivers, oceans, and coastal environments. During rainy seasons, excessive sediment, including clay particles known as total suspended solids (TSS), contaminates water

This cross-sectional study conducted in rural Pahang state, Malaysia, aimed to validate a questionnaire examining ecotourism operators’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) regarding COVID-19 transmission and preventive measures. Data collection utilised the snowball technique. The questionnaire, comprising 34 items covering knowledge, attitud

Due to unique properties of cellulose nanofibers, this nanomaterial has been widely used in various applications such as nanocomposites, coatings, electronics, and medical. The features of nanocellulose specifically its dimensions and properties depend on the sources of lignocellulosic materials and the chosen method to extract and further fibrilla

Due to unique properties of cellulose nanofibers, this nanomaterial has been widely used in various applications such as nanocomposites, coatings, electronics and medical. The features of nanocellulose specifically its dimensions and properties depend on the sources of lignocellulosic materials and the chosen method to extract and further fibrillat

Illegal immigration presents a growing challenge for Malawi, undermining national security, straining resources, and exposing socio-political vulnerabilities. This qualitative study investigates the systemic challenges contributing to the inefficacies of border control, with a focus on the Immigration Department's management. Using in-depth int

The demand for advanced security solutions has increased with the continuous growth of urban infrastructure; hence, automated surveillance systems are vital across universities, hospitals, and commercial spaces. This project proposes an end-to-end Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) system to identify vehicle license plates by capturing high-

Background: The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is widely recognized in healthcare education for assessing clinical skills, yet its application in evaluating soft skills is still evolving. Soft skills, such as communication, empathy, and teamwork, are essential in patientcentered care but are not consistently included in OSCE asses

Carotenoids are ubiquitous natural pigments found in confer red, orange, and yellow colors to various organisms in the plant and animal kingdoms (Basu et al. 2001; Sugawara et al. 2009). Over 700 naturally occurring pigments found in higher plants and animals are classified as carotenoid compounds (Godinho and Bhosle 2008; Konishi et al. 2008). Pla