Introduction Early onset scoliosis normally found in children from the age of birth till 10 years old with female preponderance. Any lateral spinal curvature of 10 degrees or more by reference to Cobb's angle measurement is diagnosed as scoliosis. The deformities is three dimensional thus affecting spinal growth in multiple planes. Scoliosis ha

Introduction: Collagen can be basically extracted by chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis. In many industries, chemical hydrolysis method is more commonly used. However, the enzymatic hydrolysis is more effective when the high nutritional value product will be produced based on the extracted material. Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) feet were used

Vertebral body hemangiomas are benign primary vascular tumours and account for 4% of all spinal tumours. The majority of patients are asymptomatic. They affect male and female equally. The majority has seen in middle age group. An aggressive vertebral hemangioma presenting with neurological deficits are rare, accounting for less than 1% in the gene

Introduction: To evaluate the midterm functional outcomes of patients who had undergone total knee replacement (TKR) using posterior stabilized (PS) fixed bearing system from January 2005 until April 2006 for primary osteoarthritis of the knees. Methods: A retrospective study was done on forty-six patients, 87% female (n= 40) and 13% male (n=6), ag

Spinal Schwannoma originates from the Schwann cells, hence it is called Schwannoma. The tumor localization is in various parts of the spinal cord, but prevails in cervical and thoracic. In the literature 70 to 80% of spinal schwannomas are reported to be intradural in location, and 15% with both intradural and extradural components. All 3 cases wer

It is a widely-held claim that Abu> H{a>mid al-Ghazza>li>, popularly known as H{ujjat al-Isla>m, had a great and profound influence on the religious life and thought of the Malays. However, no in-depth and systematic study has been undertaken to demonstrate the extent of his influence. This study aims to fill this gap by attempt

Abstract: Foreign aid is considered as a significant source of income for many developing countries. Countries that were facing current account deficit in the 1950s were encouraged to borrow from international financial institutions to boost their economic growth. However, such borrowing created a great obstruction to the economic growth of many de

الشيخ محمد تقي العثماني هو أحد علماء شبه القارة الهندية الباكستانية الذين اهتموا كثيرا بشرح صحيح الإمام مسلم؛ وقد ألف شرحا لصحيح الإمام مسلم بعنوان "تكملة فتح الملهم بشرح صحيح الإمام مسلم"

Objective: An important measure of shareholder primacy and activism is the power to initiate and approve proposals. However, in many countries which have transplanted or inherited the Anglo-Saxon governance model represented by the UK, shareholders intending to present their proposals to the general meeting often face a significant legal barrier du

The performance of boys in literacy has become an issue of increasing concern around the globe. This paper discusses the results of a study that sought to determine the literacy performance of Malaysian primary schoolers. Using one of the states in the country as a case study, data on approximately 85,000 students from grades 1, 2, and 3 were obtai