Processed food is widespread phenomenon all over the world. Some of these foods are ready to be eaten immediately after purchasing, while others need to be cooked before eating them. In order to make higher profits, companies and suppliers of these foods sometimes do not follow the proper production methods, or use unhealthy ingredients, or do not

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is known for its antitumor property. PDT uses a photosensitizer combined with light to kill cancer cells. Different to other non-surgical cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy which suppress immune system, it is suggested that PDT promotes an accumulation of neutrophils causing destruction of tumor cells

The neo-classical secularist school sees man as an economic material object whose sole objective is to maximize his unlimited worldly Shahwah. He has no control over his Shahwah. His value is measured by his ability to convert that Shahwah into material unlimited wants. He has no naÎÊb in Ókhirah. On the other hand, the Qur’Én looks at Shahwa

This chapter will discuss the general strategies of cloning recombinant enzymes from identifying a suitable DNA template to choosing the correct host expression system. However, there is no standard operating procedure for cloning a recombinant enzyme. The best strategies should be based on the researcher’s creativity and experiences.ixContents 1

Stem bromelain is a plant protease with a number of industrial and therapeutic applications. This study investigated the functional properties of commercial bromelain and recombinant bromelain (expressed in E. coli BL 21-AI). In vitro cytotoxicity assays were conducted to evaluate the effect of both bromelains on tumour cell lines (murine melanoma

This chapter presents details on the purification, formulation and drying of recombinant bromelain. The wide range of applications of recombinant bromelain has increased interest in finding viable purification techniques for large-scale production. An affinity chromatography technique was developed by Amid and co-workers (Expression, purification,

This chapter presents the recombinant stem bromelain cloning procedure followed by its characterization and finally upstream processing. Most of the procedures had patents filed in Malaysia, Europe and the United State of America with application numbers PI 20095434, 10015711.4, and 12968766, respectively. Portions of the experimental procedures we

This chapter presents all common laboratory procedures or protocols that researchers normally perform during studies of recombinant enzyme production. The principle and theory behind each experiment is presented to help the reader understand each step that is conducted in an experiment so the reader will be able to select and modify the procedures

This chapter presents an investigation that we performed prior to the decision to proceed cloning and producing recombinant bromelain. The criteria that we examined were the following: (1) easy access to a DNA source; (2) broad application; (3) an enzyme size amenable to the cloning strategy; (4) available data in free online databases; (5) broad i

“Facebook is a popular free social networking website that allows registered users to create profiles, upload photos and videos, send messages and keep in touch with friends, family and colleagues.”1 It is considered to be one of the latest types of social media, which is now being used by approximately one and half billion people all over the